SUBSOIL TILLAGE METHOD AND APPARATUS Russian patent published in 2006 - IPC A01B79/02 A01B49/06 

FIELD: agriculture, in particular, soil tillage and application of fertilizers.

SUBSTANCE: method involves subsoil mellowing for obtaining of crumb structure; leaving stubble on soil surface; carrying out rootstocks to soil surface and covering. Mellowing is provided to depth optimal for given plant on given kind of soil for providing crumb structure of up to 10-cm depth. Organic fertilizers are applied in continuous layer in an amount of 4-5 t/hectare onto soil surface with stubble remains and rootstocks. Fertilizers, stubble and rootstocks are compacted by rolling with following introducing of mineral fertilizers. Mellowing, organic fertilizer and compacting by rolling are carried out simultaneously for one pass under fall-plowed field preferably in autumn. Mineral fertilizers are applied before or during sowing procedure. Organic fertilizer used is bulk dry organic fertilizer of "Fermway" type having moisture content of 50-55%, said fertilizer being composed of manure and litter mixture processed by thermophilic bacteria. Apparatus has mellowing device and roller. Apparatus is made in the form of unit comprising attached mellower frame, pull-type roller frame, hopper mounted on roller frame and fertilizer transporting self-dumping carts attached to roller frame with their rear part through shackle. Mellowing device is made of chisel type. Triangular hoes with stepped sides and sharpened edge are fixed on mellowing device tines at an angle to advancement path. Chisels and spring separators mounted through brackets are provided on each step of hoe. Mellowing device may be made in the form of tine with two-row arrangement of hoes. Tines are arranged so that traces of second-row hoes overlap traces of first-row hoes. Roller is of water filling type and is furnished with plated catches. Hopper has dosing baffle. When soil is to be tilled to large depth, hoes are to be mounted on mellowing device in two rows.

EFFECT: increased ecological safety and soil fertility due to reduced soil erosion, increased efficiency in utilization of fertilizer, and reduced power consumption.

5 cl, 2 dwg