FIELD: handling defects in recording or reproducing video and/or audio data. SUBSTANCE: proposed record medium, defect handling method, and real-time data recording method make use of random-access digital video disk (DVD-RAM). Record medium has recording area, reserve area, and defect handling data area that saves information showing whether linear exchange is used or not for real-time data recording. Proposed medium is compatible with standard DVD-RAM. In case message informs that there are blocks which were not linearly exchanged, linear exchange is not made in real-time data recording. Record medium can store information pointing to plurality of modes for handling various defects according to type of data recorded. EFFECT: provision for real-time data recording. 46 cl, 15 dwg
