METHOD TO CREATE HIGH PRESSURE OF FUEL INJECTED INTO COMBUSTION CHAMBERS OF DIESEL ENGINES AND FUEL SYSTEM TO IMPLEMENT THE METHOD Russian patent published in 2006 - IPC F02M51/00 B05B5/00 

FIELD: mechanical engineering; internal combustion engines.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in designing of fuel systems of diesel engines. According to proposed method of building high pressure of fuel injected into combustion chambers of diesel engines, fuel is delivered from fuel tank by fuel-feed furnished with overflow hydraulic valve under low pressure through filter and suction hydraulic valve into working chamber of electrohydrodynamic pump accommodating electrodes. High-voltage discharge is created in working chamber of electrohydrodynamic pump by passing high-voltage pulses between electrodes placed in fuel. High-voltage pulses are supplied to high-voltage electrode from high-voltage source with electronic control, and other electrode is grounded. High-voltage discharge forms vapor-fuel phase volume, thus forming high-pressure shock wave (from 400 to 500 MPa) forcing out fuel working chamber of electrohydrodynamic pump which is supplied through pressure hydraulic valve either direct to each electrohydraulic nozzle, or preliminarily through fuel accumulator. After relaxation of vapor-fuel phase and reduction of pressure in working chamber of electrohydrodynamic pump, chamber is filled with fuel through suction hydraulic valve under pressure built by fuel feed pump. Control of fuel high pressure at input of electrically controlled nozzles of diesel engine is provided by changing frequency and amplitude of high-voltage pulses delivered to high-voltage electrode and by means of pressure regulators installed on electrohydraulic pump. Pressure in fuel accumulator is regulated by electrically controlled overflow hydraulic valve by signals from pressure transmitter installed in fuel accumulator. Fuel system to implement the method consists of fuel tank, fuel-feed pump with overflow hydraulic valve and fuel filter, all coupled through suction hydraulic valve with input of electrohydrodynamic pump in working chamber of which electrodes are fitted. Output of electrohydrodynamic pump is coupled through pressure hydraulic valve and high-pressure pipes with input of electrohydraulic nozzles. Electrodes are installed in working chamber of electrohydrodynamic pump with spark gap between and faces. One of electrodes is grounded, and the other, high-voltage one, is connected to high-voltage source with electronic control to built high-voltage discharge and high-pressure shock wave (from 400 MPa to 500 MPa) in working chamber of electrohydrodynamic pump. High-voltage source consists of high-voltage pulse generator supplied by starter battery of vehicle and generates high-voltage pulses controlled by high-voltage unit and transmitted to high-voltage electrode of electrohydraulic pump through transistor switch. System is controlled by signal control unit.

EFFECT: provision of internal combustion engine with high fuel saving, power and ecological characteristics.

3 cl, 3 dwg