METHOD OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND SYSTEM FOR ITS REALISATION Russian patent published in 2014 - IPC G01V3/16 

FIELD: measurement equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of environmental monitoring and may be used to detect and determine coordinates of radio-frequency sources (RFS) of environmental or natural disasters, objects located under the surface of ground, snow or ice cover, and leaks in underground pipelines of oil and gas pumping systems. The system that realises the proposed method of environmental monitoring comprises a unit 13 of radar control, a unit 16 of radio engineering control and a telemetering device 59, installed on board of a helicopter, and also a ground station 69 of environmental control. The radar control unit 13 comprises a synchroniser 1, transmitters 2.1-2.4, antenna switches 3.1-3.4, transceiving antennas 4.1-4.4, receivers 5.1-5.4, processing units 6.1-6.4, a switch 7 of a coverage sector, a strobe-pulse generator 8, a four-colour indicator 9, a thermal imaging sensor 10, a TV sensor 11, a reception unit 12, a reference generator 14 and a motor 15. The radar control unit 16 comprises a receiving antenna 18, heterodynes 19 and 34, mixers 20-24, 35, amplifiers 25-29 of the first intermediate frequency, a detector 30, delay lines 31, 49 and 50, a tuning unit 32, a switch 33, an amplifier 36 of the second intermediate frequency, an analyser 37 of parameters of the received signal, a unit 38 of registration and processing of received information, a multiplier 39-42, 47, 48, narrow-band filters 43-46, 51, 53, phase detectors 52 and 54, phase meters 55-58. The telemetering device 59 comprises a shaper 60 of an analogue message, a shaper 61 of a digital message, an analogue scrambler 62, a digital scrambler 63, a clock-pulse oscillator 64, an amplitude modulator 65, a phase manipulator 66, a power amplifier 67 and a transmitting antenna 68. The ground station 69 of environmental control comprises a receiving antenna 70, a high frequency amplifier 71, a tuning unit 72, a heterodyne 73, a mixer 74, an amplifier 75 of an intermediate frequency, a detector (selector) 76 of phase-shift keyed signals, spectrum analysers 77 and 79, a phase doubler 78, a comparison unit 80, a threshold unit 81, a delay line 82, a switch 83, amplitude limiters 84 and 88, a synchronous detector 85, an analogue descrambler 86, narrow-band filters 87 and 90, a phase divider-by-two 89 , a phase detector 91, a digital descrambler 92, a unit 93 of registration and analysis.

EFFECT: expansion of functional capabilities.

2 cl, 4 dwg