COMBINED COULTERS Russian patent published in 2018 - IPC A01C7/20 A01C5/08 

FIELD: agriculture; engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to tools for introducing seeds and fertilizers into the soil. Combination opener comprises a stand with a neck, funnel and with an angle of 10…12° to each other with two discs. Fertilizer guide for inserting the main dose of fertilizers into the notch cut by the discs is fixed to the stand of the combined coulter with the reinforced stiffener of the bracket, which is installed at the place of attachment of the internal cleavers of the combined opener. Upper part of the bracket, located above the bracket attachment point to the stand, has a shelf bent at right angles to the plane of the bracket. Lower part of the guide is bent backwards in the direction opposite to the movement of the combined opener, along an arc of a circle of radius R = 300 mm and has an outlet located in a transversely vertical plane directed with respect to the longitudinal-vertical symmetry plane of the combined opener, and in the horizontal plane coinciding with the lower part of the cutting edges of the two discs of the combined opener. Upper part of the guide has two ears, the end surface of which is parabolic, identical to the end surface of the lower part of the funnel of the neck of the column so that it fits snugly against it. Seed drill tube for introducing seeds together with the starting dose of fertilizers has in the upper part a neck, made with it as a single unit and from a tube with a diameter of 40 mm, and also fixedly fixed to the shelf of the bracket. Lower part of the seed drill tube is also bent backwards, opposite to the movement of the combined vomer along an arc of a circle of radius R = 300 mm. In the lower part, the seed drill tube has an outlet located in a transverse-vertical plane directed with respect to the longitudinal-vertical symmetry plane of the combined vomer. Following the fertilizer guide there is a seed bed sealer installed under the outlet hole on the seed drill tube and is in the form of a curved wedge having two lateral working faces made with a slope, equal to the inclination of the furrow walls, cut by the discs of the combined opener, and a supporting working face horizontally and made with a width of 14 mm equal to the width of the furrow bottom cut by the discs of the combined opener. Seed drill tube is shifted upward relative to the fertilizer guide by the value h = 30…40 mm from the support working face of the curved wedge to the base of the outlet hole of the guide. Distance l horizontally between the planes of the outlets of the tubular vas deferens and the fertilizer guide is 40…50 mm. On the seed drill tube following it at the level of the sealing working member, made of a round bar with a diameter equal to 10…12 mm, with a working width of 150 mm, an additional sealing body is installed in the form of a U-shaped windbreaker made of a round bar with a diameter of 12…14 mm, free ends of which are set horizontally and with a gap δ, equal to no more than 3…5 mm from the inner planes of the coulter discs. Height h₁ installation of the sealing working body from the base of the exit hole of the fertilizer guide to the free ends of the U-shaped grabber is equal to 90…100 mm. Seed drill tube in the lower part is additionally fixed immovably to the fixing bracket of the fertilizer guide with the help of a connecting strip, fixed motionless on the tubular vas deferens above the embedding organ. Fertilizer guide and seed drill tube are made of a tube ellipsoid in cross-sectional shape, the large axes of ellipses coincide with the longitudinal vertical plane of symmetry of the combined opener.

EFFECT: increase in the uniformity of the distribution of the main, starting doses of fertilizers and seeds along the length of the furrow at a given depth with a given soil layer, an increase in the germination of seeds, and an increase in the productivity of the aggregate are ensured.

1 cl, 2 dwg