METHOD OF FORMING BEAM PATTERN OF RECEIVING DIGITAL ANTENNA ARRAY Russian patent published in 2022 - IPC H01Q21/00 G01S13/02 G01R29/10 

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to radio engineering, namely to antenna equipment, and can be used in radar stations with active phased antenna arrays (APAA) during digital formation of a receiving beam pattern. Essence of the method consists in the fact that the signals received by the M antenna elements of the receiving digital antenna array at time t, amplified, signals are transferred to intermediate frequency and complex envelopes of signals are selected. Obtained complex signal envelopes are converted to a digital form in the form of a line vector of M complex amplitudes of channel signals. Row vector of M complex amplitudes of channel signals is multiplied by M×N matrix composed of N vectors of complex weight coefficients for formation of N substantially different beam patterns, forming a row vector of N converted signals of the receiving digital antenna array. Fan of N intersecting receiving beams deployed in a given angular sector with a centre in the direction θ₀ and width Δ. Row vector of N complex amplitudes of the converted signals of the receiving digital antenna array is represented in the form of vector of 2N quadrature components of the converted signals of the receiving digital antenna array. Vector of 2N quadrature components of the converted signals of the receiving digital antenna array is transmitted to the input of a neural network with two or more hidden layers and an output layer of one neuron, providing the output signal of the receiving digital antenna array at time t. Coefficients of communication and displacement of the neural network are preset after its training by the criterion of minimum deviation of the neuron signal of the output layer from the specified non-deviated logical directivity pattern at θ₀=0 on the training sample in the form of complex amplitudes of the signals of the channels at the input of the receiving digital antenna array, described by the expression where i is an imaginary unit; k is wave number; x_m is the phase centre of the m^th antenna element of the receiving digital antenna array; is the direction of the isotropic point source for the p^th example of the training sample (p = 1, 2, …); is the complex amplitude of noise in the m^th channel of the receiving digital antenna array for the p^th example of the training sample.

EFFECT: possibility of obtaining a physically unrealizable beam pattern of a receiving digital antenna array with electrical scanning.

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