SOYBEAN YIELD IMPROVEMENT METHOD Russian patent published in 2024 - IPC A01G22/40 A01B79/02 

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method includes plowing after harvesting the predecessor, cultivation, application of mineral fertilizers, row sowing, rolling, periodic mowing of the grass stand and fertilizing. After harvesting the predecessor, double disking is carried out to a depth of 0.13–0.15 m, one cultivation to a depth of 0.07–0.09 m, a second cultivation to a depth of 0.04–0.05 m, row sowing of sainfoin to a depth of 0. 02–0.035 m with sainfoin seeding rate of 6.0⋅ 10⁶ pieces of viable seeds per hectare under oat cover with a seeding rate of 3.0⋅10⁶ pieces of viable seeds per hectare. The mineral nutrition regime is maintained with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers for the main treatment in reserve for three years of using the grass stand. Nitrogen fertilizers are applied fractionally to the cuttings in differentiated doses. The irrigation regime is maintained within 70–75% NV. On the crops in the first year of life, one to three waterings are carried out, and cover oats are harvested for green fodder. Crops of sainfoin in the first year of life are formed in one mowing, for the next three years, three full mowings per year during the flowering phase, and the mineral nutrition regime is carried out with N₁₂₀P₁₂₀K₇₅. Watering is carried out in the first year of life with an irrigation rate of 400 m³/ha. Cover oats are mowed at a height of 0.09–0.11 m. For sainfoin crops for the next three years, watering is carried out at an irrigation rate of 600 m³/ha and three full-fledged mowings are formed per year in the budding phase with a mowing height of 0.11–0.16 m in the first and second mowing, and in the last of 0.15–0.17 m. On the crops of the second year of life during the growing season, the number of irrigations is eight with a minimum inter-irrigation period of 5–25 days, with a total irrigation rate of 4,800 m³/ha. On the crops of the third year of life, six irrigations are carried out with a minimum inter-irrigation period of 12–34 days, with a total irrigation rate of 3,600 m³/ha. On the crops of the fourth year of life, five irrigations are carried out with a minimum inter-irrigation period of 10–24 days, with a total irrigation rate of 3,000 m³/ha.

EFFECT: method ensures productive longevity of grass stands, obtaining high productivity of sainfoin crops when mowing it for hay during four years of life due to the required water and nutritional regimes and obtaining a yield of 10.5–11.0 t/ha of sainfoin hay.

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