SOWING MACHINE FOR ACCURATE SOWING OF SEEDS OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS Russian patent published in 2025 - IPC A01C7/08 

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machine building, in particular to designs of dosing devices of seeders for accurate sowing of seeds in a row for film. Precise sowing machine comprises a frame with a film layer installed on it, a sowing device in the form of a drum rotating on a horizontal axis with sowing elements and a packing roller for pressing the film with seeds sown into its holes, a seed hopper and a dosing device. Sowing elements are made in the form of sowing hollow tongs with a hole in their bottom, the lower part of which has a wedge shape and forms a punch for punching holes in the mulching film. Sowing tongs are made on the outer surface of the drum in a circle and have rotary rods-plates closing the outlet holes of the sowing tongs, the upper ends of which are rigidly attached to the horizontal rod with a loop and with a spring. Latter is connected by its end to the cylindrical housing in which there is an adjusting bolt with a retainer nut, which has the possibility of adjusting the rotation of the rod-plate position, the upper end of which is connected to the axis of small rollers with the possibility of sliding along the side surface of the wall of the rotation limiter of the rod-plate in the form of a sector. Sector is rigidly attached to the side surface of the fixed disc on the fixed axis rigidly connected to the frame. Support bearing with a rotating drum is fixed on the horizontal fixed axis. Besides, the limiter has a projection on the side surface of the wall; at that, the shape of the side wall surface provides connection of the rod-plate rotation. Vertical plates-guides are rigidly fixed from above to the end of each sowing tong for directing seeds into its cavity and towards the outlet hole. Dosing device is made in the form of a coil installed on a horizontal fixed axis, with cells made on its cylindrical surface in the form of ellipsoidal recesses. Coil is rigidly attached to the inner side of the rotating drum with the sowing tongs as a whole, and to the tangent circle of the coil surface there is a limiting plate with the possibility of movement along the coil, which adjoins with a gap to the coil surface on the lateral side. Seed reflector is installed at an acute angle to the tangent circle of the coil surface. Hopper body has a bent shelf with an elongated hole, a bracket and a bolt joint. Coil from above is covered with a gap by a plate attached by its bent shelf to the shelf of the side plate of a fixed position, the other end of which is free and has restriction of oppositely installed ends of rigidly fixed plates-guides of seeds from their falling out of cells for grasping seeds.

EFFECT: invention will make it possible to improve operational characteristics, to increase uniformity of sowing of coarse-grained seeds along the feeding area under mulching film and to reduce damage of coarse grains.

9 cl, 10 dwg