FIELD: optical data storage media. SUBSTANCE: optical storage structures are designed as diffraction optical elements, which may focus light beam that enters into one or several data memory regions and/or focus redirected light beam or emitted light from this point or these points into point which is located outside of optical data storage medium. When data are write or read in optical data storage medium, diffraction optical elements are used for focusing writing/reading light beam. EFFECT: design of data storage structure or data reading structure, parallel writing/reading in possibly several parallel storage layers in optical data storage medium, true three-dimensional storage of data and true random access to stored data. 26 cl, 16 dwg
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