FIELD: molecular biology, genetic engineering, medicine (phthisiology), veterinary science. SUBSTANCE: invention proposes method and set based on a single-round multiprimer polycyclic amplification by polymerase chain reaction method in total reaction mixture. The latter has, in part, glycerol, two targets of genome DNA and nucleotide sequence as an internal standard. This ensures to estimate effectiveness of polymerase chain reaction on DNA of the sample to be analyzed and eliminate false-negative data of analysis. One of taken target is fragment of RD1 genomes that is typical for all species of tuberculosis mycobacterium complex (with exception for M. bovis BCG) involving gene site that encodes protein ESAT-6; the second target is fragment of gene mtp 40 showing specificity for M. tuberculosis. Proposed set has: (1) concentrated reaction mixture; (2) thermostable DNA-polymerase (5 U/mcl); (3) ionized sterile water; (4) mineral oil; (5) (+)-control DNA (M. tuberculosis DNA). Invention ensures to carry out differential detection of mycobacteria of species M. tuberculosis among other species of tuberculosis mycobacterium complex and reveal the above indicated mycobacteria in biological specimens obtained from humans, agriculture and wild animals, estimate effectiveness of therapy and disinfection measure. Invention is designated for detection of tuberculosis mycobacterium complex where species M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, M. microti and M. africanum belong. EFFECT: improved method of detection. 10 cl, 2 tbl, 1 ex
