FIELD: organic chemistry, chemical technology.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to catalytic oxidation of organic substances in vapor phase in reaction tubes of multitube reactor of heat-exchange type with an immobile catalyst layer, and to a method for synthesis of (meth)acrolein or (meth)acrylic acid in these reactors. Method for catalytic oxidation in vapor phase for preparing the reaction product is carried out in multitube reactor with a great number of reaction tubes by feeding the parent gaseous raw and oxygen-containing gas into reaction tubes filled with a solid catalyst. Method involves measurement and regulation of pressure loss in reaction tubes after filing a catalyst by such manner that pressure loss in corresponding tubes will be in limits ±20% of average pressure loss value of reaction tubes. If necessary, inert substance is filled into inlet part of reaction tubes or removal of filled catalyst and repeated filling catalyst for reaction tube showing pressure loss value less an average pressure loss for reaction tube or a reaction tube showing pressure loss value above an average pressure loss value. Method for synthesis of (meth)acrolein or (meth)acrylic acid is carried out in indicated multitube reactor by feeding propane, propylene or isobutylene and molecular oxygen into reaction tubes filled with a catalyst with regulation pressure loss values as said above. For regulation of filling an inert substance is used. Also, method involves prediction of reaction states into reaction tubes by measurement of temperature of catalytic layer of reaction tubes or by imitation analysis of liquid state of a heat-carrier circulating on the outside of reaction tubes with heat of material into reaction tubes. Then method involves assay of conditions in filling catalyst into tubes in correspondence with prognosis results and heterogeneity of reaction states among reaction tubes is removed. Invention provides enhancing yield of the end product and increasing the catalyst life work based on retaining its mechanical strength by prevention its grinding during charge and removal of decomposed catalyst from reaction tubes.
EFFECT: improved method of catalytic oxidation.
11 cl, 4 tbl, 21 ex
