ENHANCED COMBUSTION AT VAPOUR PHASE Russian patent published in 2008 - IPC C10L1/18 C10L1/30 

FIELD: fuel compositions.

SUBSTANCE: task of invention consists in injection of substantial oxygen concentrations, which can rapidly and aggressively react with the metal. Besides, the task of invention is to create such gas diffusion of precombustion before/after ignition, that increases the pulse/viscosity of the unignited gas. The pulse/viscosity must be increased to the value, maximum close to the one of the ignited gas viscosity to reduce resistance of viscosity between the ignited and unignited gas. The assigned task is solved by the following content of the fuel composition: 1) hydrocarbon base fuel; 2) at least one element, which is not lead, either the organic or inorganic compounds, which contains the indicated element selected from the elements of groups 1A, 2A, 3A, 1B, 2B, 3B, 4B, 5B, 6B, 7B, 8, bismuth, germanium, phosphorus, silicium, nitrogen, sulfur and their mixtures. The indicated element or its organic or inorganic compounds are presented in the combustible form - compound of the element, which is not lead - "CENL"; and 3) at least one compound of the improving combustion structure (ICS), that decreases combustion temperature and/or increases combustion speed and is selected from the group consisted of: H₂, CO, ICS compound. ICS compound must be characterised by latent heat of evaporation (LHE) more or equal to 21 kJ/mole at its boiling point, and by combustion speed, measured on laminar flame of Bunsen burner, not less than 40 cm/s, with the methanol rating 57.2 cm/s. The indicated compound is selected from the group consisted of acetic acid, acetates, acetyls, alcohols, aldehydic acids, aldehydes, anhydrides, boric acids, compoung esters of carbonic acid, carboxylic acids, carbonates, dicarbonates, compound esters, compound diesters, simple ethers, simple diesters, formic acids, glycols, simple ethers of glycols, hydroxy acids, ketones, ketone acids, nitrates, alkylnitrates, nitromethane, nitroethane, nitropropane, dinitrates, amines, anilines, amides, hydrazines, nitrosyls, imides, simple nitroesters, methylamines, xylidine, 2.3 -xylidine, ammonia, orthoborates, orthoesters, orthoacids, oxides, oxalates, oxalic acids, peroxides, hydro-peroxides and phenols. The indicated compound can contain at least one substituent, selected from alkyl, alkylhydroxy, dialkyl, dialkylhydroxy, aryl, amide, acetate, aldehyde, carboethoxy, carbomethoxy, carbonyl, carbonyldioxy, carboxy, ethoxalyl, ethoxy, formyl, glycolyl, glyoxylyl, hydroxyl, imide, methoxy or methylenedioxy-residual and their mixtures; 4) where the fuel composition allows to produce the compositions with the following maximum temperatures of the fractional distillation T-90 (90% or corresponding maximum end boiling point): diesel fuel, gas-turbine fuel or residual fuel with the maximum temperature of the fractional distillation T-90, equal to 338°C; or turbo-jet fuel maximum end boiling point - 300°C.

EFFECT: improvement of combustion and/or decrease of combustion temperature by means of which thermal effectiveness is enhanced and inadvertent losses are reduced.

51 cl, 10 tbl, 194 ex, 7 dwg