METHOD FOR THERMAL PROCESSING OF ORGANIC MATERIAL AND APPARATUS FOR REALISING SAID METHOD Russian patent published in 2013 - IPC C10G1/00 F23G5/27 

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to processing organic material, for example wood, peat, shale, coal from industrial and household wastes which contain organic components, railway wooden sleepers, wood processing wastes, livestock farming wastes etc, and can be used in chemical, timber and oil-refining industries, in communal, agricultural and other industries by pyrolysis. The invention relates to an apparatus for thermal processing organic material, having a reactor consisting of two sections with heating of the material to decomposition temperature thereof, with a device for feeding the material into the reactor, a conveyor for unloading the solid fraction, a pipe for removing the gas fraction into a condensation column after which a uncondensed pyrolysis gas and liquid hydrocarbons are formed for subsequent processing. Two sections are formed in the reactor, each having two working zones with controlled temperature ranging from 100 to 1200°C, where the material is heated in the working zones of the reactor between two concentric pipes of the sections simultaneously with advance thereof; to increase output of combustible pyrolysis gases through secondary reactions, a return loop is formed for feeding the vapour-gas fraction from the exothermic reaction zone of the first rector section into the zone of the hot solid fraction of the second reactor section, and a reactant is also fed into the reactor through an intermediate hopper; in each reactor section there are closed insulated heating chambers in which there are recuperative burners with radiation emitting pipes; external pipes of the reactor sections can also be heated by the recuperative burners or spent burner gases; movement and turning of the material in the working zones with the required speed is carried out by conveyors with frequency-independent drives; atmospheric air and nitrogen are prevented from falling into the reactor working zones by the controlled gas medium formed by uncondensed pyrolysis gases, as well as by disc valves when feeding material into the reactor and when unloading the solid fraction.

EFFECT: twofold increase in calorific value of pyrolysis gas on average, high energy efficiency, possibility of optimisation and automation of the process with continuous processing of the material.

2 cl, 1 dwg