METHOD OF BASIC SOIL CONSERVATION TREATMENT ON CATENA Russian patent published in 2014 - IPC A01B79/02 A01B13/16 

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises ploughing soil as enclosures across the slope to form back ridges and detached intermittent furrows - furrows with jumpers intercepting runoff flow. At that upwards the direct slope having incline not less than 0.015, the width of each previous enclosure B_i is smaller than the width of each subsequent B_i+1, such as B_i-1<B_i<B_i+1, where i is the number of enclosure, growing up the slope, and the width of the i^th enclosure is determined by the formula B_i≈B k_i, where B is the width of the enclosure that is set from the maximum performance condition of the applicable unit that takes into account the length of the pass, the width of the grip of one plough body, the number of bodies and the minimum turning radius of the unit; k_i is the correction factor taking into account inequality of solid and liquid precipitation on the slope and its exposure, absorption and water runoff and defined by the formula $$k_i\approx \frac{\mathrm{2,3}{K}_n{K}_e({е}^{\mathrm{0,1}i}-\mathrm{0,7}{е}^{\mathrm{0,06}i})}{[\mathrm{1,4}+24(J-\mathrm{0,031})]\ln (\mathrm{0,025}L)},$$ where K_n is the coefficient taking into account the soil dry-weight percentage and equal for light soils K_n=1.0, for medium soils - 0.87 and for heavy - 0.7; K_e is the coefficient taking into account the exposure of the slope and location of the enclosure on the slope: in case of the normal precipitation for the flat surface of 600 mm/yr for the upper and middle parts of the slope at its north and south orientation K_e=0.86; north- west, north- east and south- west K_e=0.88; west K_e=0.9, south-east K_e=0.91 and east K_e=1.0. It is taken into account that under the conditions of Nonchernozem belt the lower part of the slope, as a rule, needs drainage; J is the incline of the slope equal to or greater 0.015, but not greater than 0.05; L is the length of the slope equal to or less than 400 m; n is the number of enclosures on a slope (1≤i≤n) defined by the formula $$n\approx \frac{L}{B{K}_n{К}_e[\mathrm{1,4}+24(J-\mathrm{0,031})]}.$$

EFFECT: method enables to reduce soil washout on the lower parts of the slope, to ensure the termination of planar and linear soil erosion, to increase crop yield on the slope, and to prevent siltation of rivers and water reservoirs.

2 dwg, 1 ex