METHOD OF ENERGY ASSESSMENT OF IMPACT ON SOIL OF WORKING BODIES OF TILLERS AND TOOLS Russian patent published in 2014 - IPC G01N15/08 

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: potential of the deformability of the soil is determined, which is the ratio of the energy expended for deformation and mass exchange processes per unit of mass of soil in the specific conditions of its location, according to the formula $$\varphi =-\left(\frac{E_1}{m_{n3}}-\frac{A_1}{m_{n1}}\right)+\left(\frac{E_2}{m_{n4}}-\frac{A_2}{m_{n2}}\right),\left(1\right)$$

where A₁, A₂ is mechanical work spent respectively for deformation of the soil in testing by hardness-testing machine before and after the treatment, J.; m_n1, m_n2 is respectively mass of deformed soil in testing by hardness-testing machine before and after treatment, kg; E₁, E₂ is Gibbs free energy, characterising the state of moisture in the soil and thus determining the binding energy between the moving soil particles in a soil sample before and after exposure to it of the working bodies of tillage machines and tools, J.; m_n3, m_n4 is respectively the mass of soil in the sample, taken at the test site before and after mechanical treatment, kg. In the above formula, the opposite signs of the terms E₁ and A_1, and A₂ and E₂ show that the binding energy between moving particles of soil in the soil sample after exposure to it of the working bodies increases, and work expended for the mechanical deformation of the soil is decreased. Measurement of physical quantities used in the formula such as force in the area of direct proportionality of the diagram P=f(h), depth of immersion of the cylindrical tip of the hardness-testing machine is carried out by the hardness-testing machine at the test site before and after mechanical impact on the soil of the working bodies. Measurement of physical quantities, such as the density of the solid phase of the soil, porosity, specific free surface energy at the water-air boundary, the volume specific surface area of the solid phase of the soil, the volume moisture content and bulk density of the soil is carried out on the same soil samples of undisturbed location, selected at the test site respectively before and after mechanical treatment at the same points, the site is tested with the hardness-testing machine.

EFFECT: improving the accuracy of the energy assessment of the mechanical impact of working bodies of the machines and tools processing the soil.

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