METHOD FOR MONITORING AGROPHYSICAL INDICATORS OF SOIL FERTILITY IN FIELD CONDITIONS Russian patent published in 2024 - IPC G01N33/24 A01G7/00 

FIELD: monitoring systems.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods of monitoring agrophysical parameters of soil fertility. On the site with a predetermined level of yield, a soil sample is taken at a depth of up to 1 meter. Laboratory studies are carried out to determine the following agrophysical soil parameters characterizing soil fertility: granulometric and mineralogical composition, stony content, structure, structure of arable layer, density, porosity, specific surface area, air and moisture capacity, humidity, content of organic matter, carbon dioxide, oxygen and humus. Autonomous field sensor station equipped with sensors of speed and direction of air flow, humidity, temperature, atmospheric pressure of air, level of liquid precipitation is placed at the point of sampling soil, ultraviolet, illumination, laser scanner for accurate measurement of distances to investigated surface, depth camera. Soil is scanned by moving the depth camera and laser scanner along the periphery of the selected area to obtain a point cloud. In parallel with soil scanning, meteorological data on air flow speed and direction, air and soil humidity and temperature are collected using a field sensor station, atmospheric pressure of air, level of liquid precipitation, index of ultraviolet radiation, light intensity. Point cloud obtained as a result of soil scanning with a depth camera and a laser scanner is converted into a three-dimensional digital model of the soil surface. Constructed model is tied to agrophysical soil fertility indicators obtained during laboratory studies, to measured meteorological data, as well as to the following parameters: actual seeding rate and germinating ability of seeds, straightness of crops, presence of flaws and sifting, density of standing of crops, height of plants. Obtained digital model is used to determine lumpiness, ridges, slope of surface, as well as soil fractional composition, and soil density and porosity are determined by calibration dependencies.

EFFECT: improving accuracy and information value of monitoring of agrophysical parameters of soil fertility in field conditions.

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