METHOD OF GASIFICATION OF SOLID FUEL AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION Russian patent published in 2018 - IPC C10J3/02 C10J3/06 C10J3/16 C10B53/00 C10B55/00 F23G5/27 F23G5/20 F27B7/20 

FIELD: heat-and-power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to power engineering with the production of a combustible gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen for subsequent use as a power gas in transport and power plants. Method for gasification of solid fuel is carried out in a dense layer moving along the axis of a cylindrical reactor installed at an angle to the horizon in the range from 22 to 65° and rotating around its axis. Method includes loading into the reactor a pre-prepared, crushed, densed solid fuel, in which solid biofuel and / or solid low-grade fossil carbonaceous raw materials (peat, brown coals) are used, the supply to the reactor of the gasification agent is air from the reactor side where accumulation of solid gasification residues takes place, moving the solid fuel along the reactor axis with successive residence of the solid fuel in the heating and drying zone, the pyrolysis zone (coking), the reaction zone, the oxidation/reduction zone and the cooling zone, the removal of solid gasification residues from the reactor, the removal of the combustible fuel gas from the reactor, supplying water to the reactor, the gasification being carried out in a reactor equipped with a steam-water jacket, the water supply to the reactor is carried out by injecting water vapor superheated by the heat flow from the reactor working chamber from the steam-water jacket through the perforated inner wall of the reactor working chamber, the resulting combustible fuel gas is filtered through a bed of solid fuel laden. Process is characterized in that the gasification process is carried out in a two-stage scheme, where in the first stage in the upper part of the reactor, including the heating and drying zone, the pyrolysis zone (coking) and the additional (upper) reaction zone, realize an inverse partial gasification process, which provides the supply of a gasifying agent – air (air blasting) directly to the upper reaction zone, where the solid fuel moved there as a coke is partially oxidized (burned) and partially gasified, and most of it is moved further to the activation zone, where at a temperature above 800 °C is treated with steam from a steam-water jacket, the activated carbon obtained from the coke is accumulated in the buffer gas sampling zone of the reactor working chamber and the resulting vapor-gas mixture is withdrawn from the activation zone and transported to the lower reaction zone at the second gasification stage, where a direct gasification process is carried out for the activated carbon layer moving from the buffer gas-sampling zone with the counter filtration of the resulting combustible fuel gas through it, which is withdrawn from the reactor and supplied to the consumer. Device for the method is also claimed.

EFFECT: increasing the completeness of fuel processing, the quality and calorific value of the resulting fuel gas, reducing heat losses, as well as increasing the compactness, economy, reliability and durability of the gasification reactor.

11 cl, 9 dwg