APPROACHING EARTH FROM THE DAYTIME SKY DANGEROUS CELESTIAL BODIES DETECTION METHOD AND THE SODA-2 SPACE SYSTEM FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION Russian patent published in 2018 - IPC G01V8/00 G01C21/02 B64G4/00 

FIELD: astronautics.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the space equipment, and can be used in designing of spacecrafts and space surveillance systems for dangerous for the Earth asteroids and comets detection and the Solar system dangerous celestial bodies (DCB) observation (monitoring), first of all, approaching the Earth asteroids and comets. DCB detection space system consists of two spacecrafts (SC) located in the vicinity of the L₁ libration point in the Sun-Earth system in Lissajous orbit at the maximum distance from each other. On each SC the three identical mirror-lens wide-angle telescopes of the optical range are installed, in front of each of which there is a full-aperture rotating mirror with the roll angle of at least 45° along both axes, oriented so that to view a region of space limited for observation by another craft, and protected from the Earth's disk illumination by the special trefoil-shaped mask, located on the directed towards the Earth rod. System consistently conducts observations of the celestial sphere areas, together constituting a continuous conical surface with the opening angle of 90°, wherein the formed cone rotation axis is directed to the Earth. Any flying from the Sun to the Earth body is detected and observed several times during this cone crossing, which allows to perform its orbit primary determination and, if necessary, make a decision on the DCB observation in tracking mode using the triangulation method for the of DCB orbit and entry point into the Earth’s atmosphere accurate determination with an accuracy of up to 10 km, or until the such a collision possibility disappearance. DCB detection completeness degree of ONT from 10 m in size in the daytime sky hemisphere reaches 100 %. Direct guidance mode using the movable mirror allows the modern radiation-resistant CMOS detectors usage as the photoreceivers, which ensures the device service life in the spacecraft of up to 10 years.

EFFECT: technical result of the invention is the moving in the Earth direction celestial bodies with a size from 10 m in the daytime celestial hemisphere detection, their classification according to the degree of danger based on the primary orbit determination, and in the case of the DCB classification as the potentially threatening collision with the Earth, observational tracking for the orbit highly accurate determination and the point of entry into the atmosphere prediction with an accuracy of tens of kilometers to enable the protective measures taking and damage reduction with the DCB falling.

2 cl, 2 dwg