FIELD: chemistry.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of light olefins using synthesis gas and, in particular, relates to a catalyst and a method of producing light olefins by direct conversion of synthesis gas. Catalyst for producing light olefins by direct conversion of synthesis gas, which is a composite catalyst A + B and is formed by compounding catalyst component A and catalyst component B in mechanical mixing mode. Active component of catalyst component A is active metal oxide. Catalyst component B is a zeolite with topology of CHA and/or AEI. Active metal oxide is one or more compounds from MnO, MnCr2O4, MnAl2O4, MnZrO4, ZnO, ZnCr2O4 and ZnAl2O4. Zeolite has medium force characteristic, and the number of medium-acid centers is 0–0.3 mol/kg. Molar ratio (Si + Zn + Mg + Co) to (Al + Ga) in Si-O composition of zeolite with topology of CHA and in element composition of outer part of frame is less than 0.6; and molar ratio (Si + Zn + Mg + Co) to (Al + Ga) in composition of Si-O zeolite with topology AEI and in element composition of outer part of frame is less than 0.6. A method of producing light olefins using direct conversion of synthesis gas, where synthesis gas is used as a reaction starting material; conversion reaction is carried out on a fixed bed or movable layer of said catalyst; and pressure of synthesis gas makes 0.5–10 MPa; reaction temperature is 300–600 °C; volumetric rate is 300–10,000 h-1; and molar ratio of synthesis gas H2/CO for reaction interaction is 0.2–3.5.
EFFECT: bifunctional composite catalyst is used to obtain a lower alkene using a single-step direct conversion of synthesis gas, where the selectivity for propylene and butylene is 40–75 %, while selectivity for the methane by-product is less than 15 %.
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