METHOD OF GROWING FRUIT TREES Russian patent published in 2020 - IPC A01G17/00 A01G7/00 

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular, to gardening and fruit-growing. Method includes selection and preparation of planting material, which is seeds or pits of fruit trees. On the selected section, preparation of a planting hole of round shape is carried out taking into account type and quality of soil. In the case of clay soil, the hole is made with diameter of 1.5–2.0 m and depth of 0.6–0.7 m. In the case of sandy soil, the hole is made with diameter of 3.0–4.0 m and depth of 0.5–0.6 m. At the bottom of the planting hole a layer of sand is laid for improvement of aeration of soil of not more than 10 cm for clay soil, and in case of sandy soil to retain moisture and nutrients at the bottom of the planting hole a layer of clay with thickness of not more than 10 cm is laid. Planting hole is filled with a vegetal mixture containing 40–50 % of top layer soil, at least 30 % of organic fertilizers and 20–40 % of sand at clay soil of section or 20–40 % of clay at sandy soil of section. After filling the planting hole, hill 30–40 cm high is formed from the soil of the section above it. Polyethylene curb with width of at least 30 cm is placed along the perimeter of the hole, which is immersed into the soil at depth of 20–25 cm. Collected and prepared planting material in the form of seeds belonging to one type of fruit trees in amount of 7–10 seeds per one planting hole in October-November is planted in planting hole and covered with layer of 2–3 cm thick sand mixture with humus in ratio 1:1. If the planting material is pits of fruit trees, before the pits are planted into the planting hole, their additional preparation is provided by preliminary dropping into the beds in July–August to accelerate their stratification process. Pits buried in beds are filled with layer of 4–5 cm sand mixture with humus in ratio 1:1 with subsequent irrigation to accelerate stratification process. In 2–4 months, in October–November, pre-prepared pits belonging to one type of fruit trees are transplanted into a planting hole in amount of 5–10 pits per one planting hole and piled with layer of 4–5 cm thick sand mixture with humus at ratio of 1:1. After placement of planting material in planting hole after 7–9 months in June–July after germination of planting hole excess sprouts are removed, leaving one most promising tree growth, providing for maintenance, in 7–11 months spring tree is grafted.

EFFECT: method makes it possible to increase reliability and rate of survival rate of trees, to simplify the method, to reduce terms of the beginning of active fruiting, to increase volumes and duration of fruiting.

12 cl, 3 ex