METHOD OF PROCESSING MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTES TO OBTAIN GRANULES AND GRANULATE, RESISTANT TO ATMOSPHERIC ACTION, OBTAINED BY THIS METHOD Russian patent published in 2024 - IPC C10L5/46 B09B3/30 B09B3/40 

FIELD: processing and recycling of wastes.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to processing of dried or partially dried organic and other wastes (substances) with secondary (primary) plastic by pressing and (or) fusion. It can be used for environmentally friendly recycling of household wastes, as well as for their use as fuel or construction materials. Method of processing solid municipal waste with production of granules consists in the fact that organic wastes and plastic are subjected to sorting, grinding, mixing and thermal treatment to obtain a homogeneous mass. Then obtained mass is subjected to pressure of more than 1,000 kg/cm² and up to 1,500 kg/cm², and temperature of 120–160 °C, and the obtained material is molded. Organic part of municipal solid wastes (MSW) is used as organic wastes and plastic, and the effect of temperature and pressure on the granulated mass and the molding of the obtained material is carried out using a device equipped with a heater. At the stage of MSW sorting, fractions larger than 50 mm are first separated, which are used as secondary mineral resources (SMR). Processing of plastic wastes is carried out separately, and smaller fractions of MSW with organic wastes are sent to an autoclave, where it is dried with extraction of condensate and dried wastes, from which a fraction is then separated, which is fuel of standard RDF. Said fraction is fed into crusher-mixer, where prepared plastic wastes are additionally added by means of batcher, obtained after secondary processing in such a ratio that the share of plastic wastes in the total mass is from 30 to 85 %. Ground and mixed in this way a mixture of the fraction representing RDF standard fuel and plastic is then sent for molding by an injection molding machine or into the press granulator, or into the extruder, where after the mold is obtained by heating and pressing the mixture, then the obtained mold is cooled or cooled, after which it is packed, and the finished forms are further used for their intended purpose or disposed of at MSW landfills. Obtained granulate, which is resistant to atmospheric action, has a density of not less than 0.5 g/cm³.

EFFECT: less energy-intensive, technologically simpler method and faster in terms of production of such composite material from MSW, which ensures reduction of carbon emissions to atmosphere, reduction of carbon footprint, obtaining granulate from wastes neutral and immune to environment with possibility of long-term storage in humid environments or use as fuel of RDF standard, binding organic and combustible fractions of MSW in the product without the need for combustion and biofermentation, solving the problem of recycling plastic and microplastic wastes, reducing the area of MSW landfills.

2 cl, 5 dwg, 1 tbl