METHOD OF DETERMINING GRAIN LOSSES BEHIND COMBINE Russian patent published in 2024 - IPC A01D41/127 

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method of determining grain losses behind a combine envisages sampling of grain-and-straw mass, measurement of the header grip width, extraction of grain from the samples with subsequent mathematical processing. First sample is taken from the field of cut plants from each of n_a=10–15 rows along the diagonal of the harvested area at a length equal to the length of the sampler L_s. Further, the first sample is thrashed manually and the grain weight G_a is determined. Second sample is taken from the area of samplers with length L_s and width h_s after the harvester passage, which in number n_h are located only in the header passage strip. Further, grain is extracted from the sample and the grain weight G_h is determined. Third sample is taken from the area of samplers, which in the number of n_t+h are located in the passage band of the threshing-separating device of the combine with width b_t. Then, grain is separated from the third sample and grain weight is determined behind the threshing-separating device and the header at the width of the thresher grip G_t+h. Then, the number of harvested rows n_y after the combine is determined. Then, by dividing the sum of the grain mass of the second sample G_h, multiplied by the ratio of the difference between the actual width of the header grip b_h and the width of the threshing-separating device b_t, divided by the product of the number of samplers n_h in the passage band of the header and the width of the sampler h_s, and mass of grain of the third sample G_t+h, multiplied by the ratio of the width of the threshing-separating device grip b_t to the product of the number of samplers in the passage band of the threshing-separating device n_t+h and the width of the samplers h_s, by the product of the grain mass of the first sample G_a by the ratio of the number of harvested rows of crops n_y after the passage of the combine to the number of rows n_a of the cut grain stand, grain losses behind the combine are determined by formula , where P is grain loss; G_h is the mass of the second sample grain obtained from the area of the samplers located in the header passage band only; b_h is the header grip actual width; b_t is the threshing-separating device width; n_h is the number of samplers, which are located in the header passage band only; h_s is the sampler width; G_t+h is the mass of the grain of the third sample obtained from the area of the samplers located in the passage band of the threshing-separating device; n_t+h is the number of samplers, which are located in the passage band of the threshing-separating device; G_a is the mass of grain of the first sample, obtained by cutting off stands in rows; n_y is the number of rows of grain stand, harvested after the passage of the combine; n_a is the number of rows from which the grain stand is cut before the combine passes.

EFFECT: enabling reduction of labour intensity and duration of the process of determining grain losses, as well as increase in the information-bearing accuracy during control of the combine harvester operation quality.

1 cl, 2 dwg