METHOD FOR AGROCHEMICAL TREATMENT OF CROPS Russian patent published in 2025 - IPC A01B79/02 G06F30/27 G01N33/24 A01G7/06 

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular to automated and/or automatic systems of agricultural treatment of crops. Method includes taking pictures with the help of an unmanned aerial vehicle, or an aircraft, or a balloon of at least one crop zone with the help of at least one camera, based on which a set of images characterizing at least one type of plant is obtained. Determining at least one zone of plants treatment, type of treatment and plan of treatment of plants, including route of movement of automated plant treatment for each corresponding zone based on data on plant condition. Data on the plant treatment zone is transmitted to at least one automated plant treatment facility. Area of the sown plant is determined with each type of health state, which includes at least healthy plants, diseased plants, dead plants, diseased plants with possibility of recovery. Type of treatment of plants is selected from the group: irrigation, application of plant protection agents, application of fertilizers or harvesting of plants; a certain type of treatment is carried out. Survey means is selected at all stages of vegetation with the required geometric resolution on the Earth's surface, from high resolution in range of 0.01–1.00 m to medium resolution in range of 15–100 m. Crops are surveyed and the results are processed at least once before and once after treatment of crops at each phase of vegetation. Each image from the set obtained during shooting is processed by software based on a neural network. After processing the materials of each subsequent survey, using software based on a neural network, fragments of the Earth's surface are selected on each image, which contain only fields with sown plants, separating them from roads, buildings, uncultivated lands, water bodies and natural and/or man-made objects. Using the software based on the neural network, on the selected fragments of the images of the phenophase, the types of the grown plants are recognized, by setting the geographical coordinates of the boundaries of the areas of their crops, represented by at least one plant, and setting the geographical coordinates of the location of at least one healthy and/or damaged plant, with simultaneous assessment of the degree of its damage, as well as type and geographical coordinates of location of at least one weed, and/or source of contamination, and/or damage to crops, by sequential comparison in said software of images of all weeds recognized on selected plant fragments, and sources of contamination and/or damage to crops, with stored in the database reference images of healthy and damaged plants to various degrees, as well as weeds and/or sources of damage. Total number of healthy and/or similarly damaged plants, total amount of each type of weeds and/or sources of contamination/damage of crops on each selected area with crops of the same type are determined. Based on the above data, compositions and amounts of agrochemical agents or water for irrigation are planned for all isolated fragments separately and in total. According to weather conditions weather forecast data, specified by weather stations measurements, located in the processing area, in the area of the surveyed and then processed fields location, determining preferable by weather conditions time intervals for crops treatment, is formed based on data on geographical coordinates and total areas of all plots, and/or individual plants, and/or weeds of each type and state of sown plants defined above, processing unit is put into the onboard system and a program for individual treatment of crops is implemented in preferable time intervals in terms of weather conditions. After treatment of crops, their control surveys are performed in time intervals set by agronomic service. Based on the results of control surveys, the effectiveness of the treatment, the correctness of the choice of treatment means, weather conditions, as well as the vegetation phase, the date and time of treatment are determined. Recommended compositions and amount of plant protection agents or fertilizers, water, weather conditions and terms of treatment of damaged crops, digital images of weeds, healthy and affected plants are specified, based on information on the state of crops stored in the data bank before and after treatment, as well as results on efficiency of previously implemented agrochemical works.

EFFECT: method provides higher efficiency of individualized automated treatment of crops at all stages of vegetation, reducing the negative impact on crops of contaminating and/or damaging factors, reducing the amount of consumed materials – plant protection agents, fertilizers, water, reduction of negative influence of meteorological factors on efficiency of crops treatment, as well as reduction of total time of crops treatment.

6 cl, 9 dwg, 1 ex