WATER-GLASS CONCRETE MIX Russian patent published in 1998 - IPC

FIELD: production of building materials; concreting by guniting; tunnel construction; reinforcing mining workings and other structures designed for various purposes. SUBSTANCE: water-glass concrete mix comprises, parts by volume: water glass, 1; and slime of electroplating operations, 0.5-1.0. Mix is used as additive to gunitable concrete mixes and has tradename "ALPHA GS". Used in the amount of 8-18% from total mass of cement is provides concrete setting up to 150 s, control concrete strength in process. Additive makes it possible to reduce deficiency in strength of 28-days old concrete down to value not more 25%; while concrete resistance to attack by water jets under pressure up to 10 l/min.m. Mix makes it possible to apply gunite concrete layers of any thickness onto vertical surfaces and concrete layers up to 20 cm thick onto vaults per single pass of guniting nozzle, thereby permitting to use it at low positive temperature of soil, air and gunite concrete mix components. Concrete homogeneity is improved without causing corrosion of reinforcing element. Recoil value of mix is 10-15%. EFFECT: increased service life of concrete. 2 tbl