SEPARATE GRADE CROSSING OF MAIN TRAFFIC ARTERIES Russian patent published in 2002 - IPC

FIELD: construction engineering. SUBSTANCE: claimed invention may be used in designing of separate grade crossings of main traffic arteries, one of which runs in tunnel under other main traffic artery in complicated mining and geological conditions with presence of loose watered grounds in tunnel base, and construction of tunnel without interruption of traffic in overlying main traffic artery. Separate grade crossing of main traffic arteries, one of which runs above the other one passed in tunnel having lining consisting of trough, walls and roofing, exterior protective screen from long members and zones of ground solidified by injection located outside of tunnel above its roofing and under its base. Novelty consists in that in crossing of two, railway main lines, zones of ground solidified by injection are made in form of reinforced structures from system of reinforcing members from reinforcing material or ground impregnated with said material in form of piles and/or pear-shaped bodies, and/or mutually intersecting layers, and/or from said layers with part of which pierced with said layers, and/or pear-shaped bodies, and/or their combinations. Injection layers are located preferably under tunnel base and pear-shaped bodies and/or mutually intersecting layers are located mainly above tunnel roofing and, at least, in zones of ground adjacent to upper and/or lower sections of tunnel walls. In this case, protective screen is made over entire perimeter of tunnel and supported from internal side by frames whose lower parts and a part of caps of injection, or additional members located in them and crossing the screen, are introduced into body of trough and concreted, and from foundation mat of tunnel pile base together with screen and trough body. Technical results ensured by claimed invention consists in increase of safety and reliability of crossing structure, both, at stage of its erection and at stage of its operation due to performance of work involved in construction of tunnel as component of crossing without interruption of traffic in overlaying main traffic artery and exclusion of deformation of day surface exceeding permissible values, that is of vital importance in city dense housing system and complicated mining and geological conditions including cases of presence of loose and watered grounds in tunnel base; and also increased economic efficiency of design due to formation of jointly operating single spatial steel reinforced-concrete structure including protective screen, its supporting frame and lining material and also reinforced pipe tunnel base and ground solidified by injection. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 16 cl, 17 dwg