FIELD: food industry.
SUBSTANCE: invention aims at eradicating vermin in foods, packings, vehicles, and processing and storage areas as well as at controlling field vermin. Method comprises generation of phosphine-based gas fumigant using composition containing metal phosphide and substance inhibiting reaction of metal phosphide with ambient air moisture and contact of composition with ambient air moisture accompanied with dispersion of composition and interaction of droplets of composition with ambient air moisture to release phosphine. Alternatively, method involves contacting (i) composition constituted by adsorbed phosphine-containing substance and substance inhibiting release of adsorbed phosphine with (ii) ambient air moisture accompanied with dispersion of composition and interaction of droplets of dispersed composition with ambient air moisture to reduce phosphine vapor tension on the surface of droplets of composition resulting in release of gaseous phosphine. Another option comprises contacting composition constituted by substance containing absorbed phosphine with ambient air moisture accompanied with dispersion of composition and interaction of droplets of dispersed composition with ambient air moisture to reduce phosphine vapor tension on the surface of droplets of composition resulting in release of gaseous phosphine. In phosphine-based gas fumigant generation composition, metal phosphide and phosphine release inhibiting substance are used in states allowing composition to be dispersed. In the other option, substance containing phosphine in adsorbed state and phosphine release inhibiting substance are used are used in proportions allowing composition to be dispersed. In yet another option, composition is constituted by substance containing absorbed phosphine. Fumigation process envisages use of apparatus providing generation of gas fumigant by way of depressurization of composition-containing vessel, feeding composition into dispersing device of apparatus to be dispersed in contact with ambient air, and precipitating particles of dispersed composition on the surface of fumigation object, after which each precipitated particle of composition release gaseous phosphine with maximum of its concentration field near the surface of fumigation object. Alternatively, maximum of phosphine concentration field is created within internal space of the object and simultaneously this space is filled with dispersed composition capable of adsorbing and/or absorbing phosphine gas from the space. Phosphine-loaded composition particles are precipitated on the surface of fumigation object to provided maximum concentration of phosphine near this surface.
EFFECT: enhanced fumigation efficiency in poorly sealed rooms.
10 cl, 9 ex
