METHOD FOR SEMI-HYDROGENATION OF DINITRILES TO AMINONITRILES Russian patent published in 2005 - IPC

FIELD: organic chemistry, chemical technology.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method for semi-hydrogenation of dinitriles of the general formula: NC-R-CN (I) wherein R means linear or branched alkylene or alkenylene group comprising from 1 to 12 carbon atoms to the corresponding aminonitriles. Method involves using hydrogen in the presence of catalyst based on nickel, cobalt, Raney nickel or Raney cobalt comprising, possibly, an activating element that is taken among the 6 group of the Periodic system of element by the IUPAC nomenclature in the presence of strong mineral base representing a derivative of alkaline or earth-alkaline metal or ammonium hydroxide. In carrying out the hydrogenation process the parent mixture comprises water in the weight concentration at least 0.5 weight% of the total content of liquid components of the above said mixture, diamine and/or aminonitrile that can be form from the hydrogenating dinitrile and non-converted dinitrile wherein the weight concentration of all three indicated components is from 80% to 99.5%. The semi-hydrogenation reaction is carried out in the presence of at least one the selectivity-enhancing agent that is taken among the group comprising the following components: - compound comprising at least one cyano-group not bound with carbon atom that is taken among the group comprising hydrogen cyanide, lithium, sodium, potassium, copper cyanide, chelate cyanides of K₃[Fe(CN)₆], K₄[Fe(CN)₄], K₃[Co(CN)₆], K₂[Pt(CN)₆], K₄[Ru(CN)₆], ammonium or alkaline metal cyanides, tetrabutyl ammonium cyanide, tetramethyl ammonium thiocyanide, tetrapropyl ammonium thiocyanide; - organic isonitrile that is taken among the group including tert.-octylisonitrile, tert.-butylisonitrile, n-butylisonitrile, isopropylisonitrile, benzylisonitrile, ethylisonitrile, methylisonitrile and amylisonitrile; - tetraalkyl ammonium or tetraalkylphosphonium hydroxide or fluoride is taken among the group comprising tetramethyl ammonium, tetraethyl ammonium, tetrapropyl ammonium, tetrabutyl ammonium, tetrabutylphosphonium; - the chelate coordination compound formed by at least one metal atom and at least carbonyl radicals that is taken among the group comprising organic compounds including carbonyl, phosphine, arsine or mercapto-groups bound with metal and taken among the group comprising iron, ruthenium, cobalt, osmium, rhenium, iridium and rhodium. Method provides enhancing the selectivity by the aminonitrile group.

EFFECT: improved preparing method.

13 cl, 2 ex