BIOMAT Russian patent published in 2008 - IPC A01C1/04 D04H1/46 

FIELD: reinforcement and protection of ground surfaces such as ground planning embankment slopes, automobile and railway roads, open pits, dry slopes of earth-fill dams etc from erosion processes by quick recovery of soil and plant layer.

SUBSTANCE: biomat is formed as multiple-layer, at least three-layer, structure including layers of cloth comprising artificial chemical fibers, and intermediate layer placed between each two cloth layers and secured therewith, said intermediate layer comprising plant seeds. Natural fibers are added into cloth so as to form mixture of natural and synthetic fibers, said mixture containing at least 15-50 wt% of synthetic fibers and 50-85 wt% of natural fibers from materials which form upon decomposition nutritive medium for plants, and surface density of cloth ranging between 250 and 800 g/m². Apart from seeds of plants presented in cloth structure in an amount of 60-150 g/m², cloth additionally contains nutrient mixture consisting of fertilizers, plant growth promoters and soil forming additives selected with soil-ground conditions of region where biomat is to be utilized and composition of used seeds being taken into consideration. Content of nutrient mixture is 20-90 g/m². Also, natural or artificial sorbing substances are introduced into biomat structure in an amount of 30-600 g/m² by embedding of these substances into cloth or composition of intermediate layer. Biomat may be readily unrolled on any ground surface and serves as artificial soil layer.

EFFECT: high moisture retention capacity providing formation of stable soil and ground covering, improved protection of ground surface from erosion processes, retention of plant seeds during growing, efficient development of root system during vegetation and high vitality of plant covering during formation thereof.

7 cl, 1 tbl