METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TILLED CROPS SOWING Russian patent published in 2009 - IPC A01C7/00 

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method and device for sowing tilled crops involves the following operations. The soil humidity at the depth of up to 10 cm is defined before making drill furrows. The drill furrow is made and the seeds are sown into it with simultaneous measurement of the soil humidity at the seed sowing depth and soil temperature in the furrow. In case the soil humidity measured twice before and during sowing is less than the optimal one, a solution of activated liquid for bringing the soil into the condition ensuring maximal field germination of seeds is introduced to the drill furrow. Afterwards the seeds are compacted in the furrow with the adjusted force of 350-700 g/cm² and are simultaneously covered. Then the soil above the furrow is compacted with the pressure not exceeding 35-50 g/cm². The smaller pressure is chosen in case the soil humidity is more than the optimal one. Soil smoothing over the furrow follows. The device for the method implementation comprises a clod sweep, a coulter, a seed pipeline, a nozzle to introduce activated liquid portions to the soil, a drilling unit with a cell disc, a compacting wheel, a compacting roller and a smoothing harrow. The clod sweep is mounted before the coulter on an independent suspension member and a soil humidity capacitive sensor is set in its casing. The coulter is sequentially followed by the nozzle to introduce the activated liquid portions to the soil and the compacting wheel on the independent spring-loaded suspension member combined with the spring tension controller. The wheel tyre is matching the furrow profile. The nozzle is connected to the electric valve and electric pump for the activated liquid tank with the help of a pipe passing through a toroidal magnet. Additionally the drilling disc is fitted by a rotation sensor, the seed pipeline - by a combined seed sowing capacitive sensor, the coulter - by a temperature measuring sensor. The sensor of soil humidity in terms of its ohmic resistance is jointed to the coulter end face under the seed pipeline. All sensors, the spring tension controller, electric valve and electric pump are connected to an integrated chip to specify optimal soil humidity and generate managing signals for the spring tension controller, electric valve and electric pump.

EFFECT: invention allows for the increase of the seed field germination and uniformity of the seed distribution in the furrow as well as for the reduction of the liquid introduced to the furrow.

3 cl, 3 dwg, 1 tbl