METHOD OF THERMAL TREATMENT OF SOLID ORGANIC WASTES AND PLANT TO THIS END Russian patent published in 2010 - IPC C10G1/10 C10L5/48 C10B49/02 C08J11/00 F23G5/27 

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods and devices for thermal treatment of solid organic wastes, primarily, rubber-containing articles, into fluid, gaseous and solid fuel components. Proposed method consists in low-temperature pyrolysis in counter flow reactor with gaseous heat carrier produced by combusting process fuel fed into reactor bottom part, loading wastes and discharging solid carbon residue with subsequent cooling thereof, condensation of obtained gas-vapor phase to be separated into several fractions of fuel fluid and pyrolysis gas. Proposed method differs from known processes in that loading of wastes and discharging carbon residue are performed cyclically with ratio between loaded wastes and discharged carbon reside making 3:(0.8-1.2). Loading of wastes is performed with interval including wastes heating time and additional time of 0.4-0.6 of the maximum pyrolysis gas release rate. Prior to condensation, gas-vapor mix is purified of sooty and gummy fractions by spraying organic and/or water-organic fluid at 500-350°C. Condensation of gas-vapor mix and subsequent extraction of fuel fractions are performed at 350-70°C, while water condensation is carried out at 25-60°C. Residual pyrolysis gas is directed for combustion with heat recovery. Note here that, in starting at full reactor load, gaseous heat carrier is fed in two flows: main flow making 60-70% of total flow rate is fed into reactor axial zone, remaining flow being fed into its wall zone. Proposed plant comprises pyrolysis reactor with reaction chamber, furnace with burner to produce gaseous heat carrier, condensers of gas-vapor mix obtained in reactor, and wastes loading and solid carbon residues discharging devices with cooling appliances. Note also that reaction chamber consists of outer and inner perforated barrels concentrically mounted on fire grate with effective area of 20-40%. Note also that inner barrel and space between outer barrel and reactor housing are covered by partitions, and that both barrels have three standard technological zones distributed over their height. Note that barrel lower zone walls are solid over barrel height making 0.3-0.5 of designed load height. Reactor supports incorporate loading waste weight control pickups. Proposed plant has bubbler-rinser with separator cone to clear gas-vapor mix of sooty and gummy fractions while loading/discharging devices represent gate chambers.

EFFECT: higher efficiency.

7 cl, 4 ex, 3 tbl, 6 dwg