FIELD: security systems.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to safety systems in emergency situations and can be used for explosion protection of buildings and structures, as well as of process equipment. Test bench for breaking elements of buildings and structures includes a explosion chamber, in the upper base of which there is a hole covered with an easy-to-discard breaking element. Chamber is a metal vessel of the volume equal to 500÷1,000 cm3 with the wall thickness of 7÷8 mm, herewith in the upper base of the vessel there is a hole covered with an easy-to-discard element. Square of the hole can be varied by screwing in replaceable rings, herewith the discarding element covers the hole in the ring, above which there is a protective screen fixed, and the second hole is covered by a valve, which is pressed to the hole with the help of an electromagnet and is opened by a spring at opening contacts. Force of the valve and the spring compression is set so, that their total force is equal to the tolerable pressure multiplied by the square of the valve hole. Traction force of the electromagnet can be varied by varying current through a rheostat by means of a movable contact of the rheostat. To measure the electromagnet and spring the electromagnet current value in which is controlled from the same rheostat by switching contacts. To adjust the required difference of forces of the electromagnet and the spring there is a dynamometer, and to form a vapour-air explosive mixture in the chamber there is a plug-evaporator, into which with the help of a burette the required quantity of a flammable liquid is introduced, and the plug is screwed in so, that the liquid vapour through openings in walls of the plug-evaporator enter the explosion chamber and, being mixed with the air, form an explosive mixture. Mixture is ignited by an electric spark from an inductance coil. In one of the end walls of the explosion chamber there is a hole for a union, in which a tube is fixed from a blower closed by a shutoff valve, and in the other opposite located explosion chamber end wall there is a hole for a union closed by a shutoff valve, which serves to maintain pressure in the chamber during evaporation of the liquid. Square of the hole can be varied by screwing in replaceable rings, and the discarding element covers the hole in the ring, above which there is a protective screen fixed.
EFFECT: higher efficiency of protection of buildings, structures and process equipment against explosions.
1 cl, 4 dwg
