FIELD: agriculture.
SUBSTANCE: combined unit for biomelioration of degraded soils with desalination and sowing of seeds includes a self-propelled unit with a two-section frame (2, 3) equipped with wheels. The first section (2) of the frame has one wheel pair (4), on the second section (3) there are two wheel pairs (5.6). The operator's cabin (29), the diesel engine (30), the venting device (31), the soil-cultivating machine (7), which includes an additional mobile frame (8) with hollow parabolic racks (9), a bottomless bucket (10) with a shutter (11) in the form of a flat knife with a mouldboard (12), and a disc-chopping device (14) are installed on the first section (2) of the frame. A product pipeline (17) with nozzles, connected through a pump (15) with a meliorant container (16), is mounted under the mouldboard (12). Behind the mouldboard (12), on the back wall (19) a flat knife for stripping the cut-off boundary layer of the soil is fixed. A product pipeline (27) with nozzles (28), connected to the liquid manure container (26) through the pump (25) is fixed behind the back wall of the bottomless bucket (10), under the casing. A filter (55) of the gas distribution device (42), a pneumatic drill (48) hopper, a fan (46), a container (49) for aqueous solution of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms, a container (54) for loose meliorants with a pump and a product pipeline, and a water container (56) are installed on the second frame section (3), and a bar-type roller (57) is attached to the end face. In the second frame section (3), an additional frame (32) is placed, with the movably fixed mechanism of deepening a tiered volumetric subsoiler (34) made with hollow parabolic racks (35) connected by mouldboards (36). The product pipelines (37) in the racks and under the mouldboards (36) are connected to the container (40) for the components of the organomineral water-regulating shield, are connected to the ejectors by the gas distributing device (42), the pressure nozzles behind the mouldboards (36) of the shield components in the gas jacket. On the additional frame (32) a battery of bilateral duckfoot shovels (44) with hollow racks, a pipeline, and nozzles is mounted. The mouldboards (36) connecting the parabolic racks (35) of the tiered volumetric subsoiler (34) are made arc-shaped with the insertion of horizontal sections of different lengths at extreme points, and two symmetrical conjugate mouldboards (36) contain a transverse profile with a curved surface and exceeding the level of conjugations above the edge level. The disc-chopping device (14) is made with a drive axle fixed to a hollow rack between the side walls of the bottomless bucket (10) and alternating of chip-saw discs, small discs with rigidly fixed double-edged pick-shaped knives and discs with moving beating knives on the axis. The discs with pick-shaped knives are frictionally connected with the leading small discs and are installed in front of and between the pairs of chip-saw discs with a diameter exceeding the rotation perimeter of the pick-shaped knives. Inside the pair of chip-saw blades on the axis (59) there are small discs with installed rollers and beater knives. Two-edged chopping knives with a tiered installation and cutting edges perpendicular to the disc butt are fixed on the butt surfaces of the chip-saw discs, and harpoon-shaped chopping knives are rigidly fixed on the perimeter of the discs.
EFFECT: reducing the time for melioration of degraded lands with the provision of increasing the productivity of agricultural land.
3 cl, 3 dwg
