FIELD: agriculture.
SUBSTANCE: combined unit for the tiered processing of salted lands with sowing of seeds includes a self-propelled unit consisting of a base wheeled chassis (1) with a three-section frame (2, 3, 4) equipped with swivel telescopic brackets (5) with wheels arranged at their end. The first section (2) of the frame has two wheel pairs (6, 7), in the second section (3) there are two wheel pairs (8, 9), and in the third (4) one there is one wheel pair (10). The first frame section (2) contains the operator's cabin (22), the diesel engine (23), the tank (25) for the loose ameliorant, the fan (24) connected thereto through the product line (26) introducing the loose ameliorant onto the soil surface, and the tillage machine (11). The tillage machine (11) comprises the telescopic boom on the manipulator (62). On the end of the second boom section (12) the frontal mouldboard (14) and the disc-chopping three-section device (15) fixed thereto installation-movably are mounted, and on the first boom section (13) an additional frame (16) with fixed blocks of separating grids with rods (17) of variable cross-section and a movably fixed battery of two-sided duckfoot shovels with hollow racks (18) is movably arranged. The hollow racks (18) are connected through the pump (19) by the pipeline (20) to the tank (21) for liquid manure. On the second frame section (3), the manure tank (21) with a locking device on product lines, the water tank (29) connected through the pump with the distribution water pipeline, the additional frame (32) with the penetration mechanism (33) of the tiered volumetric chisel plow (34) are arranged. The chisel plow (34) is made with hollow parabolic racks connected by mouldboards. The product lines in the racks (58, 60) and under the mouldboards are connected with the pump (37) and the container (38) for liquid or pulverized ameliorants fixed to the third frame section (4). In the third frame section (4), a tank (39) for the solution of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms is arranged as well, connected to the distributor head (40) and the product line (41) fixed to the disc coulter (43) bracket, three sections of pneumatic drills (44) with dosing devices (45) and distribution heads (40) connected to the product lines (46) fixed to the rear side of the racks (47) with the bits (48) at the end and with wings for the seed bed in the slot behind the disc coulter (43). Behind the racks (47) of the openers there is the packing device (49) made comprising a two-branched mule and a chain coverer. The disc-chopping three-section device (15) is made of three sections of batteries of chop-and-saw discs (52). In the middle section, double-edged cutting knives with tiered installation and cutting edges perpendicular to the disc butt (52) are additionally placed on one end surface of the disks (52), and between the pairs of discs (52) on the drive axis there are racks with rollers at the end and hinged installation of beaters. On the two lateral sections on the disc (52), from each butt side there are double-edged chopping knives without beaters between the pairs of the discs. Two-sided duckfoot shovels with hollow racks (18) are located in alignment with strips treated by the discs (52) with chopping knives at a height above large pieces of sod chips and soil lumps laid on the bottom for introducing liquid manure under small soil clumps and plant residues cut by the shovels. The middle section of the drill (44) is arranged for sowing legumes and cover crops in alignment with shallow volumetric loosening and strips treated with the central disc-chopping devices (15) between the wheel alignments of the base chassis (1), and the side sections of the drills (44) are arranged for sowing high-stalk plants and grass mixtures of saline-resistant plants in alignment with deep volumetric loosening and strips treated with lateral disc-chopping devices (15) from the outside of the alignments of the base chassis wheels. The parabolic racks of the chisel plow (34) are arranged on the outside of the treated strips, and its short parabolic racks (58) are arranged in the centre of the alignments of the base chassis (1) wheels, and along its longitudinal symmetry axis there are the racks (60) for loosening lenses of solonetz. The curvilinear mouldboards connecting the racks of the chisel plow (34) are made arc-shaped with the insertion of horizontal portions at the extreme point below the bit of the mating racks of the chisel plow.
EFFECT: shortening the term of work on melioration of degraded lands with solonetz complexes, expanding the technological capabilities of the combined unit.
4 cl, 5 dwg
