FIELD: protective devices.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to safety devices used in explosive and radioactive facilities, such as easy detachable panels and roof, blast guards and shields, excessive pressure valves. Method of explosion protection of industrial buildings is that they install a building in the enclosing structures in which explosive and fire hazardous equipment is functioning, explosion-proof elements, explosive and fire-dangerous equipment are installed on the foundation of the building, and in the lateral and upper fences of the industrial building, explosion-proof elements are made, and for side fences, explosion protection elements are arranged in the form of safety collapsing structures of the fencing of buildings, and for top barriers – in the form of explosion-proof plates on the roof or attic of the building with explosive objects located in it. Explosion-proof elements are made in the form of an explosion-proof plate containing a metal armored frame with a metal armored skin and a filler-lead, which has in the ends four fixed branch pipes-supports, and in the covering of the building four supporting rods are rigidly embedded, which are telescopically inserted into the stationary pipe-supports of the panel. Support rods are made of elastic, and the explosion-proof elements are made in the form of a protective collapsible fencing structure containing reinforced concrete panels, each of which consists of a destructible and non-destructible parts, the non-destructive part is made in the form of carrier ribs disposed along the contour of the collapsing part, and the fracturing part is made in the form of at least two coaxially located depressions in the wall of the building, one of which is external, is formed by the planes of a regular quadrilateral truncated pyramid with a rectangular base, and the other – internal, is two inclined surfaces connected by an edge, with formation of a groove, thus the thickness of a wall from a rib to an external surface of a fencing of a building should be not less than δ=20 mm. To the load-bearing fins arranged along the contour of an organized collapsing structure, at least three horizontal rods are attached to which an armored screen is placed, which is fixed to the rods by locking elements. To the load-bearing fins, the armored screen is fixed through the sealing gasket and pressed against it by springs, one end of which rest against the locking element and the other end into the armored screen. In the upper part of the support rods of the explosion-proof plate, a damping plate is fixed to which, opposite to the panel and in the direction of the shock wave, a buffer device is made, made in the form of a cone, whose vertex is on the axis of the opening of the protected object. Damping plate is made with an internal cavity, which is filled with a three-layer symmetric disperse system, the central layer being a layer of symmetry of the volumetric body of the damping plate with the internal cavity and surfaces equidistant to the panel surfaces are made of a shock-absorbing material, and the adjacent layers are filled with an air-lead disperse system.
EFFECT: increased reliability of operation of personnel in highly explosive premises.
1 cl, 4 dwg
