METHOD OF DECREASING OF SCALE FORMATION Russian patent published in 2018 - IPC A47J36/42 

FIELD: manufacturing technology.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods that reduce scale formation and can be used both in industry and in household appliances, for example, to reduce the rate of scale formation on the surfaces of the heat transfer elements of heat exchangers during water heating or boiling. Insert made of a material whose thermal conductivity is higher than the thermal conductivity of the heat transfer elements, is installed inside the cavity of the heat exchanger, which allows the scale formation process to be transferred to the working surface of the insert. Thus, the scale formed during the operation settles on the surface of the insert. To remove scale, the insert is periodically removed from the heat exchange zone. Frequency of replacement of the insert with a scale depends on the number of water entry into the heat exchange zone. Removal of scale layer from the surface of the insert is carried out by known methods and does not imply technical difficulties. Insert shape copies the shape of the heat transfer elements. Insertion copying of the shape of heat transfer elements contributes to more complete utilization of the scale-forming salts. Presence of a contact between the insert and the surface of the heat transfer elements promotes faster heating and intensification of the scale-out process even during the initial heating period. Main factor on which the method is based is the thermal conductivity of the insert material, which is higher than the thermal conductivity of the material of the heat transfer elements of the heat exchanger. Efficiency of the method depends on the thermal conductivity gradient of the insert material and the heat transfer elements. Roughness of the working surfaces of the insert must be higher than the roughness of the working surfaces of the heat-transfer elements, which makes it possible to increase the number of crystallization centers of scale-forming salts and to intensify the process of formation and deposition of scale on its surface. Presence of holes on the surface of the insert contributes to intensive mixing of the heat transfer medium (water) and accelerates the scaling on the working surfaces of the insert. Number of installed inserts depends on the shape and dimensions of the heat transfer elements of the heat exchanger. If thermoelectric heaters are used as a heat producing element, the application of this method also allows to reduce the formation of scale on the surface of the heating element and thereby increase its service life and reduce the energy consumption of the process of water heating or boiling.

EFFECT: technical effect consists in reducing the rate of scale formation on the working surfaces of the heat transfer elements of the heat exchanger, reducing the costs of removing scale, in extending the life of the heat transfer elements and increasing their energy efficiency, as well as reducing the risk of the process.

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