METHOD OF MAKING BRICKS Russian patent published in 2019 - IPC B28B3/20 B28B11/12 B28B11/24 C04B38/06 

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the industry of construction materials and can be used in production of ceramic wall articles, particularly in production of hollow and full-bodied clay bricks, firing of which is carried out using solid fuel. Method of making bricks involves preparing clay and mixing it with coal. Plastic pressing is performed in vacuum press under pressure of 0.7–1.0 MPa, where bar is produced at the outlet by means of sealing nozzle. Then along bar conveyor beam is supplied to cutting sensors, which determine length of beam and give command to cutting machine to cut of measuring bar, which is divided by another cutting machine into bricks through multi-wire. After that, by means of laser sensors, bricks are assembled into packs, which are supplied to stacking robot by means of belt conveyor, which is laid on said kilns. Further, they are directed into settling zone for 2–3 days, where raw brick is weathered with loss of moisture of up to 7–8 %. After that, trucks are directed to drying chamber with raw bricks temperature at inlet of 30–45 °C, humidity of 10–15 %, at outlet temperature of 70–95 °C, humidity of 1–7 % and further into tunnel furnace, conditionally divided into three zone, where in brick first zone for baking with length of 30 to 90 m, brick collects temperature up to 600 °C. In the second firing zone with length of 30 to 90 m single brick is heated to 900–980 °C, and double – to 850–950 °C. In the third cooling zone with length from 30 to 90 m the brick is gradually cooled. At the end of the second zone, during initial ignition a brick wall is installed with holes for oil nozzles. Fan is provided with required thrust. Then, the oil burners are ignited, and on the first day the furnace walls are heated to 400 °C. Second day is brought to 600–750 °C. Spontaneous ignition of coal at 800–850 °C is provided.

EFFECT: high efficiency of making bricks.

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