METHOD OF ENRICHING SOIL WITH HELP OF LAYER OF SUPERABSORBENT DURING RAPE CULTIVATION, MAINLY IN SPRINKLING SYSTEM Russian patent published in 2020 - IPC A01C21/00 A01G22/00 A01B79/02 A01G25/00 

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular, to methods of soil enrichment during cultivation of spring rape. Method involves adding a superabsorbent in the form of an interlayer into arable layer. After harvesting of the precursor, the field is prepared - solid swine manure is used as organic manure with moisture content of 80–87 %, which is mixed with bird droppings with moisture content of 20–30 % and taken at ratio of 1:3 respectively. Obtained mixture is subjected to natural composting in a warm season for at least 30 days and for at least 60 days - during the cold season, as a result of which the mixture is heated. Additionally, the Baikal-EM1 microbiological preparation is used and the mixture is irrigated with the preparation solution in water at ratio of 1:10, and then simultaneously produced mixture is introduced with granules of superabsorbent by spreading on dry field before deep ploughing of field. Arable layer is moistened with liquid stock-raising effluents or pure water with the help of sprinkling equipment to the lowest moisture content without destroying the soil structure. Then, after formation of crusts on the earth's surface, loosened with disc harrows at depth of 2–3.5 cm, smoothing and rolling are performed with smooth water-filling rollers. Composition of rape is formed by sowing seeds with a given seeding rate. Supply of liquid effluents or clean water is carried out with allowable flow rate of sprinkling and duration, providing for deep loosening of soil layer gradual absorption of liquid effluents or pure water. Superabsorbent granules accumulate liquid effluent or pure water without disturbance of soil structure with subsequent growth of plants and formation of seed yield.

EFFECT: method increases soil fertility and productivity of rape plants with reduction of environmental pollution.

3 cl, 2 dwg