ROCK PREPARATION METHOD BY EXPLOSION Russian patent published in 2020 - IPC E21C41/26 F42D3/04 

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to method of rock preparation by explosion. Method involves drilling of vertical and back-to-back wells with application of continuous charge or with air gaps and formation of ledge slope at angle of 60–75 degrees, and output of oversize 4–6 %. Working vertical or inclined wells are drilled on a grid in accordance with classification of rocks by strength, fracturing with underdrilling at 1.2–1.5 m compared to conventional technologies, and the off-slope wells are drilled at angle of 80–85 degrees, with approach to 3–3.5 m compared to the working wells to create "smooth separation", dividing the massif by height of ledge into three zones by natural and technogenic fracturing and rock hardness, determining value of charge for uniform crushing of massif and placing charges into wells, at that, to ensure uniform rock crushing along the height of the ledge, a polyethylene hose explosive charge is used in a case from two halves, for example, a violin case with air gaps, polyethylene hose charge is made of at least three parts corresponding to the explosion energy required for crushing the massif in the lower, middle and upper zones of the ledge, wherein the bottom charge is created from the high explosive, for example from trinitrotoluene, and the middle and upper charges—from emulsion explosives, before placing the charge into the well initiating explosives are introduced into the well, and blasting wires lead to surface or use non-electrical systems such as "Nonel", at preparation of the unit for explosion and creation of locking energies by height of ledge, explosion of lower charge and from 5–10 mill. sec. is performed at first. sec. slowing average, and then upper charge, wells explosion between rows is performed with deceleration of 10–20 mill. sec.

EFFECT: technical result is higher efficiency of preparation of rocks by explosion at open pits, as well as in systems with application of IPCC with more complete use of explosion energy and its stability.

1 cl, 7 dwg