METHOD FOR ASSESSING SOIL DEGRADATION AND WEAR AND TEAR IN INDUSTRIAL PLANTATIONS OF APPLE TREES Russian patent published in 2020 - IPC A01G17/00 G01N33/24 A01G7/00 

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fruit growing, as well as to soil science and agrochemistry. Method includes determining thickness of humic horizon, total porosity of soil and content of exchange magnesium in layer of 10–70 cm, coefficient of structure, number of bacteria, yeast and fungi in 0–40 cm layer, content of water-resistant aggregates larger than 0.25 mm, maximum hygroscopic moisture content and minimum moisture capacity in 0–30 cm layer, hygroscopicity in 70–100 cm layer, capillary moisture capacity, sum of metabolic rates, nitrogen nitrate in 0–60 layer, capillary water rise rate in 0.25–5 mm diameter aggregates layer 0–10 cm, hydrolytic acidity and nitrogen easily hydrolysable in layer of 10–60 cm, cellulolytic activity in layer of 10–100 cm, mobile phosphorus, exchange potassium, humus and pH_KCl in layer of 30–60 cm, exchange calcium in layer of 20–60 cm, an elevated green mass winter triticale and content of total nitrogen in leaves of spring barley in the tillering phase, grown on soils, selected from two garden zones - from tree trunks of apple trees and row spacing. Estimation of degree of soil degradation is carried out by comparison of properties of soil of near-bore strips with properties of rows of soils, and then by value of this difference, degree of soil degradation is determined on the basis of proposed scale: for each of the indicators, score of 0.8 to 4 is selected based on actual deviations, then the points are summed up and the degree of soil degradation in the apple tree gardens is evaluated on the following scale: 0–20 points - very low, 20–40 - low, 40–60 - medium, 60–80 - increased, 80–100 - high degree of soil degradation in gardens. Time of onset of soil-drawing is determined using a soil map of the fruit farm based on the selected rootstock and the specific soil on which the garden is planned to be placed.

EFFECT: method provides more reliable assessment of degree of soil degradation in apple tree gardens.

1 cl, 3 tbl