EMULSION EXPLOSIVE (OPTIONS) Russian patent published in 2021 - IPC C06B31/28 B01F17/00 

FIELD: emulsion explosives.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to variants of emulsion explosives and can be used in the mining industry for the destruction of sulfide-containing rocks. According to the first variant, an emulsion explosive for use in sulfide rocks contains an emulsion matrix, including an oxidizing phase in the form of aqueous solutions of ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate and water-soluble additives, and a fuel phase in the form of a solution of at least one emulsifier in liquid hydrocarbon fuel, as well as a gas-generating additive. When the pH of the oxidizing phase is less than 7, water-soluble additives are urea or urotropine. The oxidizing phase contains ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate, water and water-soluble additives in the following ratio, wt. %: [Ca(NO₃)₂]=24.3-29.0; [Water]=0.3293*[Ca(NO₃)₂]; [D]=0.1-1.5, where [Ca(NO₃)₂], [Water] and [D] are the content of calcium nitrate, water, and a water-soluble additive in the oxidizing phase, respectively, by wt. %; the rest up to 100% is ammonium nitrate. According to the second variant, an emulsion explosive for use in sulfide rocks contains an emulsion matrix that includes an oxidizing phase in the form of aqueous solutions of ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate and a fuel phase in the form of a solution of at least one emulsifier in liquid hydrocarbon fuel. Additionally, it includes sensitizing additives made of particles of a porous material or solid porous particles selected from glass or polymer microspheres, or perlite sand, or vermiculite. When the pH of the oxidizing phase is less than 7, the water-soluble additives are urea or urotropine, while the oxidizing phase contains ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate, water and water-soluble additives in the following ratio, wt. %: [Ca(NO₃)₂]=24.3-29.0; [Water]=0.3293*[Ca(NO₃)₂]; [D]=0.1-1.5, where [Ca(NO₃)₂], [Water] and [D] are the content of calcium nitrate, water, and a water-soluble additive in the oxidizing phase, respectively, by wt. %; the rest up to 100% is ammonium nitrate. According to the third variant, an emulsion explosive for use in sulfide rocks contains an emulsion matrix, which includes an oxidizing phase in the form of aqueous solutions of ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate and calcium oxide and a fuel phase in the form of a solution of at least one emulsifier in liquid hydrocarbon fuel, as well as a gas-generating additive. The oxidizing phase contains ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate, water and calcium oxide in the following ratio, wt. %: [Ca(NO₃)₂]=24.3-29.0; [Water]=0.3293*[Ca(NO₃)₂]; [CaO]=0.1-1.5, where [Ca(NO3)2], [Water] and [CaO] are the content of calcium nitrate, water and calcium oxide in the oxidizing phase, respectively, by wt. %; the rest up to 100% is ammonium nitrate. According to the fourth variant, an emulsion explosive for use in sulfide rocks contains an emulsion matrix, which includes an oxidizing phase in the form of aqueous solutions of ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate and calcium oxide, and a fuel phase in the form of a solution of at least one emulsifier in liquid hydrocarbon fuel. Additionally, it includes sensitizing additives made of particles of a porous material or solid porous particles selected from glass or polymer microspheres, or perlite sand, or vermiculite. When the pH of the oxidizing phase is equal to or greater than 7, the oxidizing phase contains ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate, water and calcium oxide in the following ratio, wt. %: [Ca(NO₃)₂]=24.3-29.0; [Water]=0.3293*[Ca(NO₃)₂]; [CaO]=0.1-1.5, where [Ca(NO₃)₂], [Water] and [CaO] are the content of calcium nitrate, water and calcium oxide in the oxidizing phase, respectively, by wt. %; the rest up to 100% is ammonium nitrate.

EFFECT: safety of blasting operations is improved.

12 cl, 3 tbl