METHOD FOR SEPARATE EXCAVATION OF THE FERTILE SOIL LAYER DURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE UPPER OVERBURDEN LEDGE Russian patent published in 2022 - IPC E21C41/32 E21C41/26 E21C47/00 

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to mining, in particular to the development of deposits by an open method and the restoration of territories disturbed by open pit mining, and can be used in the reclamation of overburden dumps. The method for separate excavation of the fertile soil layer (FSL) during the development of the upper overburden ledge includes the creation of a 2-3 m high FSL shoulder by a bulldozer on the roof of the upper overburden ledge along the excavator's entry with a straight shovel, separate extraction by a straight shovel of the FSL with diluted overburden rocks under the shoulder and loading into the delivered railway train, into the dump cars allocated for the PSP, the shipment by excavator of ordinary overburden rocks into the dump cars remaining in the composition. Separate extraction by an excavator of a FSL collar with diluted overburden under the collar is performed in the volume of a trapezoidal shaped prism with concave sides and with the small base of the latter located at the bottom of the ledge. The straight shovel excavator initially excavates the FSL collar with diluted overburden under the collar in the volume of a trapezoidal shaped prism by extending the bucket handle to full depth and, if necessary, approaching the face, as well as turning the bucket around the axis of rotation of the straight shovel excavator when excavating in the volume of a given value FSL shipments. At the next stage, the straight shovel excavator excavates ordinary overburden along the stop, located towards the railway dump car, to the depth of excavation of the FSL shoulder. Then, the straight shovel excavator excavates the ordinary overburden in the entrance, located towards the side of the quarry, and ships the ordinary overburden into the dump cars of the supplied composition.

EFFECT: improving the quality of the reclamation mixture, including FSL with impoverished rocks of the upper overburden ledge in the form of a mass fraction of humus.

1 cl, 1 dwg