PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICE BASED ON SEMICONDUCTOR FILMS OF COMPLEX LEAD HALIDES STABILIZED WITH PYRIDINE DERIVATIVES Russian patent published in 2024 - IPC H01L31/352 H01L31/392 H01L31/04 H10K30/40 C01D3/00 C01G21/16 C07C257/12 

FIELD: solar energy.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in the manufacture of photoelectric converters, such as solar panels and photodetectors, as well as low-power sensors, sensors and lighting panels. The photovoltaic device contains layers 1-6. Outer layers 0 and 6 are technological and indicate the substrate on which the functional components of the solar battery are formed, or a barrier layer that protects the device from mechanical influences, as well as from the influence of oxygen and air moisture. At least one of layers 0 or 6 must be transparent to radiation in the spectral range 400-900 nm with a transmittance of at least 80%. In some solar cell designs, only one of layers 0 or 6 may be present. Layers 1 and 5, adjacent, respectively, to layers 0 and 6, denote electrodes that collect charge carriers: positive - holes and negative - electrons, which are generated in a photovoltaic device under the influence of light. At least one of layers 1 or 5 must be transparent for radiation in the spectral range 400-900 nm with a transmittance of at least 80%. Layers 2 and 4, adjacent, respectively, to layers 1 and 5, are charge transport layers and are designed for selective extraction of only one type of charge carrier and its transfer to the corresponding electrode. Layer 3, adjacent to layers 2 and 4, is photoactive, provides light absorption, generation of charge carriers and contains at least 95 wt.% complex lead halide Cs_xFA_yPbI₃, where 0.9<(x+y)<1.1, FA is a formamidinium cation, and from 0.005-5 wt.% stabilizing additive based on pyridine derivatives, represented by one compound or a mixture of any number of compounds selected from 2-picolylamine, 3-picolylamine, 4-picolylamine, 4-(n-octylamino)pyridine, octenidine, N-(4-pyridyl)piperazine in the form of free bases (amines) or hydroiodides, as well as 1,4-dimethylpyridinium iodide and 1-ethyl-4-methylpyridinium iodide. For certain compositions of complex halides, x may be equal to 0, i.e. they completely lack caesium; for others, y may be equal to 0, i.e. they completely lack formamidinium cations. Preferred are compositions containing both caesium and formamidinium cations. The photoactive layer may also contain other components, such as residual solvent molecules, metal nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, polymer binders, and other functional additives.

EFFECT: improved efficiency (efficiency>18%) and long-term operational stability of perovskite solar cells.

11 cl, 5 dwg, 1 tbl, 3 ex