METHOD FOR ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE CULTIVATION OF POTATOES Russian patent published in 2024 - IPC A01G22/25 A01B79/02 

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to potato cultivation. Method includes placing potatoes on a predecessor, disking, winter tillage, spring cultivation, preparation of seed material for two weeks before planting by air-and-heat warming up to sprouts pecking, planting of tubers with simultaneous treatment of tubers and furrow bottom with preparation by means of nozzle spraying, inter-row treatment when weeds are in the "white threads" stage, formation of ridges with a cutter with active working elements, protection of potato plants from pests by means of preparations by spraying tops during vegetation in dry calm weather, pre-harvest removal of tops by mechanical method and harvesting of potatoes. Steam field is used as precursor. In spring after physical ripening of soil one performs tillage with heavy harrows in 2 traces, calculated dose of mineral fertilizers is applied, calculated for production of planned crop of tubers. Spring pre-planting cultivation is carried out in layers at depth of 12–14 cm and in 3 days at depth of 16–18 cm. Bulkhead and sorting of potatoes begin 1.5 months before planting into fractions by size or weight of 30–50, 50–80 and 80–100 g. Light germination of seed material of higher reproductions is carried out for 2–3 weeks at temperature of 10–15 °C in the daytime. Planting is started as soon as soil temperature at depth of 10 cm rises to 5–7 °C, in the first decade of May—to depth of 5–6 cm, in the second decade of May—6–8 cm, in the third decade of May—8–10 cm, with late planting—at depth of 10–12 cm, for food purposes with density of 40–60 thousand tubers/ha, for seed purposes—70–95 thousand tubers/ha. Preparation is represented by a phytogenic biopesticide at a consumption rate of 0.1 l/t. First pre-emergence cultivation for weeds control at the stage of "white threads" is carried out in 6–7 days after planting, in 7–8 days the second one with simultaneous formation of ridges. Plant protection against pathogens and pests is performed by application of “Phytogenix” biopesticide at consumption rate of 0.3 l/ha.

EFFECT: method provides a good harvest of food and seed potatoes with high consumer properties against the background of complete exclusion of chemical agents for protecting plants from diseases and pests using safe for personnel methods and means of weed suppression, preventing pollution of environment and potato crop with toxic substances.

1 cl, 2 tbl