METHOD FOR DETERMINING NORMATIVE YIELD OF GRAIN CULTURES IN RELATION TO ASSESSMENT OF LANDS OF AGRICULTURAL PURPOSE Russian patent published in 2018 - IPC A01G7/00 

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture. Method of determining the normative yield of grain crops in relation to the assessment of agricultural land includes a laboratory analysis of agro-industrial groups of soils within the borders of the constituent territory of the Russian Federation under consideration with the determination of the bulk density (g/cm³), wilting humidity (%), smallest and full capacity (mm) in 0–20 layers; 20–50 and 50–100 cm, the filtration coefficient of moisture (mm/s), the humus content (%); performing meteorological observations of temperature (°C) and humidity (%) of air, the duration of sunshine (h), the amount of precipitation (mm), the height of snow cover and the depth of soil freezing in winter (cm), soil moisture in April and August (%) and the subsequent statistical analysis of their time series in points, their conditions correspond to the typical for agroclimatic subzones of natural and agricultural zoning of the territory. At the nodes of a regular spatial grid with a step of 10 km, soil characteristics are determined using a soil map and climate data – by interpolation at the nearest observation points; generation in each node of the spatial grid of the vector of meteorological variables with daily resolution based on stochastic modeling in 400 year-cases. Calculate the dynamics of plant biomass and yield for each year-case for the intensity of agriculture, corresponding Gossorset, using the dynamic-statistical model of the production process of plants (All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology), supplemented by an assessment of field germination and safety of plants after overwintering depending on soil moisture during sowing and winter conditions, specify the gas exchange coefficient in the formula for calculating photosynthesis taking into account the influence of the humus content in the soil (g): where ε_cN and g_N – values used when setting up the model (ε_cN = 0.11; g_N = 6.0); with the transition at the end of calculation from the biomass of ears (m_at) to the value of yield (Y) according to the formula: Y = m_y⋅C_{ear pr.}⋅C_str⋅C_harv, where C_{ear pr.}, C_str, C_harv – coefficients (dimensionless), characterizing the productive tilling capacity of plants, the structure of the ear (number of ears, grain level, kernel plumpness), losses during harvesting, specified depending on the degree of favorable conditions in the relevant periods; calculation of the average value of the time series of grain yield and 75 % quartile, averaging results by administrative region and using as a standard yield.

EFFECT: method allows to increase the environmental conditionality and reliability of the obtained mesoscale distributions of the normative yield of grain crops, as well as the accuracy and informativeness of land valuation.

1 cl, 3 dwg, 1 ex, 2 tbl