METHOD OF HYDROCYANIDATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS WITH UNSATURATED ETHYLENE BOND Russian patent published in 2002 - IPC

FIELD: organic chemistry, chemical technology. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the improved method of hydrocyanidation of aliphatic organic compounds with unsaturated ethylene bond, in part, aliphatic compounds comprising a single ethylene bond by interaction with hydrogen cyanide in the presence of catalyst an aqueous solution containing the transient metal compound, for example, nickel and a water-soluble phosphine of the general formula (I) or the general formula (II) where d is a whole number from 1 to 2; D means alkyl or cycloalkyl comprising possibly one or some substituents; are similar or different aryls comprising one or some substituents; a, b, e, f each means 0 or 1; c is a whole number from 0 to 3; g is a whole number from 1 to 2 and the sum (a + b + c + d) = 3 in phosphine of the formula (I) and the sum (a + b + d) = 2 and the sum (e + f + g) = 2 in phosphine of the formula (II). Process can be carried out in the presence o Lewis acids also. After ceasing the hydrocyanidation reaction, i. e. hydrogen cyanide feeding in the presence of the proposed catalytic system the isomerization of unsaturated aliphatic nitriles occurs. The proposed method ensures to enhance the selectivity of process and linearity coefficient that is especially important in synthesis, for example, adiponitrile. For example, the selectivity by adiponitrile exceeds 70% but by the known method the selectivity attains 66%. The linearity coefficient showing the percent content of adiponitrile in a mixture of formed acids is above 70% while under the known conditions it attains 66%. EFFECT: improved method of synthesis, enhanced selectivity of process. 16 cl, 7 ex