METHOD TO PRODUCE THE SYNTHETIC PETROSIMILAR SUBSTANCE FROM VEGETABLE RAW MATERIALS AND DEVICE FOR ITS REALIZATION Russian patent published in 2003 - IPC

FIELD: chemical industry, technology of vegetable raw materials processing. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to chemical technology for production of the liquid combustibles and household solid fuel with a high energy potential from vegetable raw materials. For the purpose they conduct hydrogenation of the vegetable raw materials at the temperature of 720 K and under pressure of 15 MPa using the reactive vapor-gaseous products of their pyrolysis. To the pyrolysis they expose a peat mixture, that is prepared from peat by its drying up to moisture of 15 %, comminution with consequent calibration using a bolter with a cell diameter of 2 mm, its blending with the iron catalyst made in the form of comminuted iron at the following components ratio (mass %): peat - 90, comminuted iron - 10 with speed of 6 K/min till the temperature and pressure in the autoclave (pyrolysis reactor) achieves correspondingly 720K and 15 MPa, and to hydrogenations they expose preheated up to 320K the peat paste prepared by blending of dry and comminuted peat with kerosene, black oil and the iron catalyst, at components ratio (mass %): peat - 23.8, kerosene - 47.6, black oil-23.8, the iron catalyst - 4.8, with speed of 6 K/min till achieving in the autoclave the temperature of 720K and pressure of 15 MPa with following aging of the hydrogenate without forced cooling within 25-30 minutes. Process of production of the synthetic petrosimilar substance Is repeated many times, at that each consequent process is exercised at the presence of residual vapor-gaseous products of the previous pyrolysis and hydrogenation, introduction of which in the a peat charge and peat paste preheated in autoclaves up to temperature 320K accordingly is exercised at reaching their temperature of 420K. In the process they use a multi-autoclave reactor, that has at least three similar pairs of autoclaves, each of which has a conjugated to each other through an intercoupler locking device pyrolysis reactor and a hydrogenator with individual heating systems. At that each pyrolysis reactor and the hydrogenator of each previous pair of autoclaves is linked correspondingly with the pyrolysis reactor and the hydrogenator of the following pair of autoclaves through the intercoupler locking devices. All the intercoupler locking devices of the multi-autoclave reactor have a similar design and are made in the form of the ball plug valves. EFFECT: expansion of the raw materials base. 4 cl, 2 dwg, 1 ex