FIELD: high-voltage engineering; electrical insulation in vacuum; electronic engineering.
SUBSTANCE: vacuum breakdown is initiated using cathode pre-treatment by fixed-length pulses at minimal surge voltage. In the process dc voltage is applied across gap prior to initiation of each pulse impact, pre-breakdown current is measured, current curve is constructed and used to find gain of electric field strength on microscopic heterogeneities of cathode surface. Then pulsed breakdown is measured. This process is repeated until steady state values of field gain and pulsed breakdown voltage are attained at chosen pulse length.
EFFECT: enhanced reliability of estimating mechanism of vacuum breakdown.
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