FIELD: waste disposal.
SUBSTANCE: invention, in particular, relates to chemically processing following rubber-containing and other industrial and household organic wastes: polyethylene, polystyrene, polyisobutylene, caprone, lavsan, enant, nylon, polyvinylchloride, various kinds of rubber, phenol-formaldehyde novolac resins, etc., in order to produce motor fuel components and raw materials for basic organic synthesis, petrochemical and biochemical synthesis, production of anode paste for heat-and-power and electrochemical enterprises, water-, heat-, and sound-insulation materials, and bituminous concrete for road building. Method consists in that waste is subjected to catalytic thermal fluidization at 200-320°C and pressure 1-3 MPa. Process is carried out in presence of hydrogen-donation hydrocarbon mixture composed of alkylbenzol and, as second component, a hydrogen-donation hydrocarbon having shorter inductive effect time. Process is also carried out in presence of catalyst, particularly phthalocyanines or dimethylglyoximates selected from group containing copper, nickel, cobalt, molybdenum, titanium, manganese, iron derivatives and mixtures thereof as well as in presence of neutralization additives used in amounts from 0.10 to 0.50% of the weight of waste. Advantageously, process is carried out o[procedure mixture of alkylbenzenes with tetraline used at ratio between 10:0.5 to 10:2.0 or in mixture of alkylbenzenes with paraffin-naphthene petroleum fraction 230-280°C used at the same ratio. When phthalocyanines or dimethylglyoximates are employed as catalyst, weight ratio of solvent to catalyst ranges preferably between 1:0.01 and 1:0.05. Advantageously, waste-to-solvent weight ratio is 1:(2-4). Technical result of invention is determined by (i) increase in hydrogen-donation potential of solvent owing to more efficient utilization of its hydrogen as well as to selectivity of the process when chemically complex wastes are being fluidized, (ii) simplification of technology, (iii) provision of independence of chemical makeup of raw material, (iv) reduction of temperature and pressure, (v) increase in productivity of the process while simultaneously (vi) increasing explosion, fire, and environmental safety, (vii) increasing yield of fractions boiling up to 200°C, which are characterized by low contents of oxygen-containing, nitrogen-containing compounds, organic sulfur compounds, and also unsaturated compounds, and (viii) increase in quality of carbon black, filler in rubber-containing wastes, and pyrolysis gas. In a preferably embodiment of the method, group I and II element oxides and hydroxides are used as neutralization additives. In a preferably embodiment of the method, weight ratio of waste to the above additive is within a range of 1:0.1 to 1:0.5.
EFFECT: enhanced process efficiency in a variety of aspects.
8 cl, 1 tbl
