METHOD OF RECYCLING SPENT CHEMICAL CELLS Russian patent published in 2013 - IPC C22B7/00 C22B3/04 C22B47/00 C22B19/00 

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: method involves crushing chemical cells, leaching, magnetic separation and electrolysis. The cells are crushed and leached with water in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide gas without access to oxygen. Light fractions are then removed from the scrap by floatation. Filtration is then carried out. The filtrate is treated with sorbents. After filtration, the scrap is washed with water, dried and fragments of ferrous and nonferrous metals are removed by electromagnetic separation, and then leached with sulphuric acid solution. Sulphuric acid pulp is filtered through a filter with an inert material, a filter with a coal medium and a filter with a cation-exchange medium. Ions of row d and row p metals sorbed by a cation-exchange resin are selectively desorbed with sulphuric acid solutions. Solutions containing ions of row d metals are subjected to electrolysis, and solutions containing ions of row p metals are neutralised to pH 3-4 and treated with clay mineral sorbents. The precipitate after sulphuric acid leaching is leached with nitric acid solution; the undissolved manganese dioxide precipitate is removed and the filtrate is neutralised and acidified to pH 3. The precipitate is filtered off. The filtrate containing mercury ions is subjected to cathode reduction and the precipitate containing lead and silver chlorides is dissolved in nitric acid and subjected to cathode reduction in an electrolysis cell with separate deposition of metals on electrodes.

EFFECT: environmental safety of recycling any type of spent chemical cells.

1 dwg