HIERARCHICAL CONTROL SYSTEM FOR BATTERY OF ELECTRIC ENERGY ACCUMULATORS Russian patent published in 2014 - IPC H02J7/00 H02J7/10 

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: hierarchical control system for a battery of electric energy accumulators relates to the field of electric engineering and it can be used for manufacturing of high-voltage batteries of electric energy accumulators for transportation and power-generating sectors. The essence of the invention lies in that each of the series-connected electric energy accumulators has at its lower control level an individual control unit powered from the accumulator and connected at the medium control level through an intramodular serial communication channel isolated galvanically to the respective control unit of the electric energy accumulators powered and connected at the upper control level through an intramodular serial communication channel isolated galvanically with the battery control unit powered by the battery. The accumulator control unit consist of a monitoring and control unit based on a microcontroller and a balancing unit based on transformer circuit, which is made as a device for bidirectional energy transfer from an individual battery accumulator through a current sensor to the direct-current accumulating line end-to-end for the battery, this line contains parallel capacitors of the accumulator control units, which are coupled in parallel to secondary windings of the accumulative transformer made as a transformer with flyback voltage converter stepping the voltage up to the side of the battery accumulating line, with diodes shunted by electronic keys in the primary and secondary windings of the transformer and controlled from the respective drivers by means of the microcontroller for the accumulator control unit. The accumulator control unit is connected to the temperature control unit while the battery control unit based on the high-efficient microcontroller with enhanced memory capacity is connected to the battery current sensor, a switching unit with a fuse and onboard charge device and through in-series communication channel isolated galvanically to the onboard charge device and to external systems.

EFFECT: technical result of claimed invention lies in that the invention suggests an hierarchical three-level control system for a battery of electric energy accumulators wherein the lower control level is fully integrated with each accumulator and contains a transformer balancing circuit that allows controlled transferring of energy from any accumulator and back to the accumulating direct-current line and thus selective distributing of energy between the accumulators notwithstanding their position under the control unit for all three levels, at that the control unit for accumulator modules at the medium level solves the task of the unit temperature control additionally while the control unit for accumulator modules at the upper level solves the task of statistic data accumulation and performs functions of electronic archive of events, expert analysis to diagnose battery elements, evaluation of its residual life and optimisation of charge from the onboard charger depending on the state of accumulators and ambient conditions and provision of tolerance to the type of electric energy accumulators.

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